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U3L01 Meiosis

AP Biology - Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

QuestionAnswer
The transmission of traits from one generation to the next. heredity
The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation. genetics
A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. gamete
The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (by budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts). asexual reproduction
The generation-to-generation sequence of stages in the reproductive history of an organism. life cycle
A display of the chromosome pairs of a cell arranged by size and shape. karyotype
A chromosome responsible for determining the sex of an individual. sex chromosome
A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex; not a sex chromosome. autosome
(1) The union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote. (2) The addition of mineral nutrients to the soil. fertilization
A modified type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms consisting of two rounds of cell division but only one round of DNA replication. It results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as the original cell. meiosis
In organisms (plants and some algae) that have alternation of generations, the multicellular diploid form that results from the union of gametes. The sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis that develop into gametophytes. sporophyte
The first division of a two-stage process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as the original cell. meiosis I
The second division of a two-stage process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as the original cell. meiosis II
The reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during prophase I of meiosis. crossing over
An imaginary structure located at a plane midway between the two poles of a cell in metaphase on which the centromeres of all the duplicated chromosomes are located. metaphase plate
A chromosome created when crossing over combines DNA from two parents into a single chromosome. recombinant chromosome
Created by: jtaylor422
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