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Intro to Metabolism

AP Biology - Introduction to Metabolism

QuestionAnswer
The totality of an organism's chemical reactions, consisting of catabolic and anabolic pathways, which manage the material and energy resources of the organism. metabolism
(1) The overall flow and transformation of energy in an organism. (2) The study of how energy flows through organisms. bioenergetics
The energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or spatial arrangement (structure). potential energy
A measure of disorder, or randomness. entropy
The principle stating that every energy transfer or transformation increases the entropy of the universe. Usable forms of energy are at least partly converted to heat. second law of thermodynamics
A nonspontaneous chemical reaction, in which free energy is absorbed from the surroundings. endergonic reaction
Referring to a molecule that is covalently bonded to a phosphate group. phosphorylated
A chemical agent that selectively increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction. catalyst
The reactant on which an enzyme works. substrate
Caused by entry of the substrate, the change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate. induced fit
A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to a location remote from the active site, changing the enzyme's shape so that the active site no longer effectively catalyzes the conversion of substrate to product. noncompetitive inhibitors
A kind of allosteric regulation whereby a shape change in one subunit of a protein caused by substrate binding is transmitted to all the other subunits, facilitating binding of additional substrate molecules to those subunits. cooperativity
Created by: jtaylor422
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