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5 Cell reproduction
Vocab/definitions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| interphase | part of a cell’s life cycle when it is living, growing, and getting ready to divid |
| Cell Cycle | all the stages a cell goes through including phases of growth, preparation for division, and division |
| asexual reproduction | process of creating offspring or daughter cells using DNA from only one parent, and the resulting offspring or daughter cells are identical to the parent |
| cytokinesis | when copies of cell organelles (except the nucleus) move into new daughter cells |
| mitosis | process division of the nucleus in which the nucleus divides once to make identical nuclei for each of two identical daughter cells; a type of asexual reproduction |
| chromosome | what DNA is called during mitosis…DNA is wound up and easily visible |
| Daughter Cell | name for cells at the end of the cell division |
| offspring | science term for children (relative to their parents) |
| fission | type of asexual reproduction when an organism divides into two equal parts (the way bacteria reproduce) |
| budding | type of asexual reproduction where a new organsim grows from the body part of the parent organsim (hydra is an example) |
| regeneration | type of asexual reproduction where a whole new organism grows from a piece of another organism (planarian worm is an example) |
| diploid | adjective to describe a cell that has a set of matching chromosomes from each parent (46 chromosomes in a human, 23 from mom and 23 from dad) |
| sexual reproduction | process of creating offspring by combining the DNA in gametes from two parents, and the resulting offspring are different than either parent. |
| gamete | general name for sex cell |
| sperm | name for male sex cell |
| egg | name for female sex cell |
| haploid | adjective to describe a cell that has half the normal number of chromosomes (one copy of each chromosome – usually a gamete) |
| fertilization | process of sperm and egg cell joining |
| zygote | the name for fertilized egg before it starts doing mitosis |
| meiosis | process division of the nucleus in which the nucleus shuffles DNA then divides twice to make four unique nuclei, one for each of four haploid daughter cells called gametes; a type of sexual reproduction |
| crossing over | the “shuffling” of DNA that happens during meiosis |
| sex chromosones | the 23rd chromosome pair that makes the difference between males and females, XX for females, XY for males |
Created by:
matthewchacko
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