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Chap. 56 Conservatio
Campbell Biology Chapter 56: Conservation Biology and Global Change
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Restoration ecology | Applies ecological principles in an effort to return degraded ecosystems to their natural, predegraded state. |
| Conservation biology | Integrates ecology, physiology, molecular biology, genetics and evolutionary biology to conserve biological diversity at all levels. |
| Components of biodiversity | 1. Genetic diversity 2. Species diversity 3. Ecosystem diversity |
| Introduced species | Can quickly disrupt an ecosystem because its normal competitors and predators are not in its new environment to control its population. |
| Endangered species | One that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. |
| Endemic species | Species that are found no where else in the world; their habitat is restricted to one space or area on the globe. |
| Threatened species | Are considered likely to become endangered in the near future. |
| Threats to biodiversity | 1. Habitat loss 2. Introduced species 3. Overharvesting 4. Global change |
| Overexploitation | Overharvesting; refers generally to the human harvesting of wild organisms at rates exceeding the ability of populations of those species to rebound. |
| Fragmentation | Breaking up a large habitat area into many smaller areas. These smaller areas may not be large enough to support the original community of species. |
| Movement corridor | Allows for exchange or mobility of animals between small areas of habitat. |
| Minimum viable population | Smallest population at which a species is able to sustain its numbers and survive. |
| Biodiversity hotspot | A relatively small area with an exceptional concentration of endemic species and a large number of endangered or threatened species. |
| Bioremediation | The use of living organisms, usually prokaryotes, fungi, or plants, to detoxify polluted ecosystems. |
| Biological augmentation | Uses organisms to add essential materials to degraded ecosystems. |