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patho liver, gb, pan
patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blood supply to liver via the | hepatic artery and protal vein |
| 3 phases of bilirubin metabolism | uptake, conjugation, excretion |
| necessary for fat and fat soluble vitamin absorption and excretion of cholesterol and bilirubin | bile |
| ___ converts ammonia to urea and it is excreted | liver |
| storage for vitamins and minerals | liver |
| designed to store and concentrate bile | gall bladder |
| bile is stimulated by | vagal stimulation and cholecystokinin |
| spleen enlargment from the back up of blood | splenomegaly |
| accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity | acites |
| cerebral intoxification caused by intestional contents that have not been metabolized by the liver | hepatic encephalophy |
| seen wehn bilirubin is > than 2.5 mg/dl | jaundice |
| excess production of bilirubin due to increased breadkdown of RBCs | prehepatic jaundice in newborns |
| decreased secretion of conjacated bilrubin | post hepatic jaundice |
| renal failure due to liver failure | hepatorenal faliure |
| viral diease of teh liver | hepatitis |
| most dangerous hepatitis | Hep C |
| infectious hepatitis | Hep A |
| serum hepitis | Hep B |
| most specific test for hepititis | surface antigen HB |
| serum maker that shows up during the active phase of hepatitis and while the patient is infectious | HBeAg |
| highly infective phase of hepatiis | prodromal pre-icteric |
| phase of hepatitis that begins with jaundice and has dark urine from increased vilirubin and clay stools due to decrease bilirubin in stools. | icteric |
| bhase of hepatitis begins with resolution of jaundice | recovery |
| irreversable chronic disease of the liver liver may be larger or smaller than normal and will be hard | cirrhosis |
| type of cirrhosis that is associated with alcohol | Laennec's |
| gallstone formation when results in ostruction of teh gall bladder by stones | cholelithiases |
| obesity,middle age, female, american indian, estrogen bile stasis | risk factors for cholelithiases |
| acute or chronic inflammation of the gall bladder associated with stones | cholecystitis |
| rebound tenderness, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase, fe3ver, infection | signs and symptons of cholecystitis |
| the immature blood-brain barrier allows unconjugated bilirubin to enter teh brain where it alters nerve function, phototherapy may help | kernicterus |
| fatty infiltration of the liver with severe hepatic dysfunction aspirin use is strongly associated | Reyes syndrome |
| autosomal recessive inherited disorder that causes excessive and uncontrolled iron absorption by the GI system and deposits it in the liver, causing cirrhosis | hemochromatosis |
| stimulates secretion of exocrine pancrease | parasympathetics |
| enzymes of the pancrease are secreted in ___forms to prevent autodigestion | inactive |
| pancrease stimuli to secrete enzymes | secretin, CKK, and parasympathetic stimulation |
| inflamation of the pancrease | pancreatitis |
| a severe critical disorder associated with hemorrhage, sometimes results in resp failure, shock, sepsis, renal failure, tetany and sometimes death | acute pancreatitis |
| severe pain, fever, n&v paralytic ileus can occur and gas and fluid will accumulate in the bowel or be vomited, myocardial in sufficiency, decreased cardiac output | signs and symptoms of acute pancreatitis |
| ___can occur because calcium may precipitate in teh fat necrosis that tis present within the inflamed pancrease, leading to hypocalcemia | tetany |
| in acute pancreatitis serum amylase and lipase will be __ | elevated |
| most common cause of this problem is alcohol | chronic pancreatitis |
| autodigestion with replacemtnt of scar tissue, pancreatic cycts in or adjavent to pancrease may occur, decrease levels of bicarbonate, decrease amounts of substances that inhibit trypsin increased protiens. | chroinc pancreatitis |
| chronic pain worsened by eating, n&v, malabsorption of fats, proteins and carbs, stetorrhea, weight loss, decreased muscle mass, decreased serum protiens, decreased albumin, fever, jaundice, ascities, signs and symptoms of DM, serum amylase and lipase may | signs and symptoms of pancreatitis |
| smoking is a major risk, in makes more than females, blacks more than whites, usually later in life, mortality rate nearly 100% avg life expectancy < 1 year, 60% is in the head of the pancrease | cancer of the pancrease |
| tumor of pancreatic islet cell(D-cell) tumor cells produce gastrin, which stimulates stomach to secrete HCL, this is an over secretion of Gastrin by the tumor of D-cells | Zollinger-Ellison syndrome |
Created by:
dnoyes
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