Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biofacts
1-50
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| transgenic | organisms that contain foreign DNA; example is a glowing tobacco plant |
| Uterus | organ in female mammals where an embryo implants and develops into a fetus |
| thymine (T) | nitrogen base that binds to A in both DNA and RNA |
| organism | a living thing |
| pedigree | a chart showing the genetic relationships within a family |
| HIV | virus that causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) by killing T helper cells and essentially destroying the human immune system |
| autosomes | a non-sex chromosome; the 1st 44 chromosomes in humans |
| chromosome | DNA coiled tightly around protein |
| codominance | complex pattern of inheritance in which both alleles get expressed equally; examples include: checkered chickens, roan cows, and type AB blood |
| style | the tube-like structure of the pistil |
| stem cells | embryonic cells that have not differentiated; can become any type of cell in the body; offer hope to cure disease and conditions like paralysis |
| restriction enzymes | bacterial proteins that cut DNA into fragments |
| spindle/ spindle fibers | bird-cage like structure that the chromosomes attach to during mitosis and meiosis |
| colorblindness | |
| gene mutation | mutation that occurs within a single gene and therefore only affects one protein |
| cystic fibroses | recessive genetic disorder that results in a thick accumulation of mucus in the lungs |
| organic | molecules that have a carbon skeleton; proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids (the four biological molecules) |
| malaria | caused by the protist, Plasmodium and spread by mosquitoes in equatorial regions on Earth where it kills almost 2 million people a year worldwide; carriers of sickle cell anemia have immunity/resistance to this disease |
| cytosine (C) | |
| qualitative data | is represented with written descriptions and often used to record observations in field studies |
| human genome project | was established to sequence and map the human genome; only the sequence of the 3 billion base pairs has been completed thus far |
| mitosis | form of cell division that makes identical diploid body cells; process by which worn out/damaged cells are replaced; how multicelluluar organisms grow and develop; how unicellular organisms, like bacteria, reproduce |
| nucleotide | the building block of a nucleic acid; composed of a five carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base |
| quantitative data | involves counts, measurements, and/or numbers |
| ribose | |
| huntingston disease | results in a deterioration of the CNS and death; has a late onset (usually around the age of 35) and follows a dominant pattern of inheritance |
| nucleic acid | acids found in the nucleus that encode genetic information; DNA and RNA are the examples |
| cell membrane/ plasma | thin, flexible phospholipid bilayer that is semipermeable and regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
| anther | part of the stamen that makes pollen in an angiosperm |
| filament | the stalk of a stamen in an angiosperm |
| uracil (u) | binds to A in RNA |
| transcription | process that occurs in the nucleus in which DNA is converted into RNA |
| translation | process in which a sequence of mRNA gets converted into a sequence of amino acids; occurs at a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| nucleus | command and control center of a eukaryotic cell; contains the DNA |
| replication | process that occurs during interphase in which the DNA is copied in the nucleus |
| nitrogen base | |
| sugar-phosphate backbone | backbone made up of alternating sugar and phosphate |
| hydrogen bonds | form between the nitrogen bases of two DNA strands; hold the two strands of the double helix together |
| deoxyribose | the five carbon sugar of DNA |
| ribosome | organelle that makes proteins in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; only organelle that is not bound by a membrane |
| peptide bond | chemical bond that holds the amino acids of protein/polypeptide together |
| prokaryote | cells that lack a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; bacteria |
| vacuole | organelle that is used to store food, water, and wastes inside of eukaryotic cells |
| gene therapy | involves replacing defective, disease-causing genes with normal, healthy copies to cure disease |
| genome | a collection of all the genes of a species |
| mRNA | formed from DNA during transcription and carries the message of the DNA out of the nucleus to a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| protein | biological molecule made of building blocks called amino acids; form structure in organisms and function as enzymes; formed when a polypeptide folds up |
| tRNA | carries the amino acids to the ribosome during translation |
| cancer | uncontrolled cell division |
| amino acids | the building block of a protein/polypeptide |
Created by:
zhowiee
Popular Biology sets