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Applied Kinesiology

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Kinesiology study of motion or human movement
# Bones and Muscles 600 muscles 206 bones; Vary greatly in size and shape structure
Biomechanics Mechanical Physics to human motion
Kinesiology Anatomical - human musculoskeletal & musculotedinous systems; Structural - Muscle involed in the science of movement; Biomechanics_ Application of mechanical physiscs to human motion
Structural Kinesiology Study of muscles as they are involved i8n the science of movement
Reference points Anatomical: Prone - on Stomach ; Supine - on back
Directional Terminolgy Distal - away from origin ; Proximal - nearest trunk or point of origin; Media- to the middle
Body Regions Axial - Cephalic / Head; Cervical / neck; Trunk Appendicular - Shoulder Girdle - Upper Limbs - Pelvic - lower limbs
Cardnal Planes Sagittal - bisects front to back; Frontal - Bisects laterally, side to side; Transverse - bisects horizontally into superior and inferior halves
Skeletal System approximately 206 bones; Provides support & protection; Bank for minerals; Divided into appendicular and axial skeletal
Appendicular Upper / lower extremities; Shoulder and pelvic girdle Axial - Skull / vertebral column - Ribs / sternum
5 Major Functions of Skeleton 206 BONES: 1. Protection for heart,lungs,brain ( soft vital tissues ) 2. Support & Posture 3. Movement serving as points of attachments for muscles / act as levers 4. Storage for minerals - ( calcium , phosphorus ) ; 5. HEMOPOIESIS
5 Major Functions of Skeleton 5. HEMOPOIESIS - process of blood information that occurs in red bone marrow. Energy storage and fat in yellow marrow
Skeletal Muscles Responsible for movement of body and all joints. ALSO provides protection, posture and support, produce major portion of total body heat 80 - 85 %
Bony Features PERIOSTEUM - dense, fibrous membrane on outer most bone part. ENDOSTEUM - Lines inside of cortex. EPIPHYSIS - ends of long bones / spongy. EPIPHYSIAL PLATES - growth plates. ARTICULAR CARTILAGE - hyaline / covers epiphysial to provide cushion
Bone Markings Cavities - Depressions ( openings / grooves ), facets, fossa, fovea sinus Processes - Elevations / Projections tuberosity, crest, tubercle, line suture FORM JOINTS OR SERVE AS ATTACHMENTS
Classification of Joints ARTICULATION - connection of bones at a joint usually to allow movement between surfaces of bones.
3 major Classifications according to Structure and Movement SYNARthrodial - non- movable SKULL; AMPHIARthrodial - slightly movable PELVIC; DIARthrodial - freely mobile ( synovial ) JOINT CAPSULE
Range Of Motion Area through which a joint moves freely and painlessly
Muscle NonMenclature Muscle are usually named due to: VISUAL APPEARANCE, ANATOMICAL LOCALE, FUNCTION
Muscle NonMenclature Shape - deltoid / rhomboid. LOCATION - rectus femoris, BOTH - serratus anterior. SIZE - gluteus maximus, # OF DIVISIONS - tricep brachaii, FIBER DIRECTION - external oblique. POINTS OF ATTACHMENT - coraco brachialis. ACTION - supinator
Muscle NonMenclature ACTION AND SIZE - adductor magnus. LOCALE AND ATTACHMENT - brachioradialis. LOCALE AND DIVISIONS - biceps femoris.
Shape of Muscle and Fiber Arraignment Cross Section Diameter = Greater Strength, factor in muscles ability to exert force. LENGTH OF MUSCLE - More effective moving joints through large ROM
Muscle Fiber Arraignment Parellel - fibers arranged parellel to muscle ( flat, fusiform, strap, radiate, circular ). PENNATE - have short fibers arranged simular to a feather; catergorized based upon exact arrangement between fibers and tendons ( unipennate 1 side, bipennate 2s
Created by: gstewart
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