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Bio Rev Sem 1 Finals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biology | study of living things |
| Benefits | improve human health |
| Characteristics of living things | require energy, reproduce, made of cells |
| Cells | highly organized, tiny structures |
| Control Group | No change, used for comparison |
| Experimental Group | one variable is changed |
| Hypothesis | developed by data and observations, consider other scientists data |
| Species | look similar and reproduce |
| Theory | may be revised |
| Metabolism | all chemical processes to build up or break down and organism |
| Ion | gains or loses electrons |
| Atom | basic unit of matter |
| Covalent bonds | shares electrons |
| 4 main types of molecules | carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, proteins |
| Chemical reactions | substances are changed and bonds are broke and formed |
| Cell membrane | diagram, lipid bilayer, proteins, |
| Osmosis | diffusion of water |
| Diffusion | movement of substance from high concentration to low concentration, passive |
| Hypertonic | water leaves the cell, cell shrivels, more molecules outside of cell |
| Hypotonic | water goes into the cell, cell explodes, more molecules inside of the cell |
| Chlorophyll | light absorbing pigment |
| Photosynthesis | functions within a range of light intensities |
| Body cells | diploid |
| Recessive | lower case letter |
| Dominant | upper case letter |
| Probability | likelihood an event will occur, be able to find |
| Pedigree | diagram of a family history, read |
| Catalyst | decreases activation energy |
| Element | one type of atom |
| pH | above 7=base, below 7=acid, 7=neutral |
| Water | formed by reacting hydrogen ions with hydroxide ions |
| Cell theory | all living things made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, cells come from other cells |
| Prokaryote | no nucleus |
| Eukaryote | nucleus |
| Nucleus | stores genetic information |
| Mitochondria | supplies energy for cell |
| Chloroplast | site of photosynthesis |
| Vesicles | involved in exocytosis, endocytosis |
| ATP | chemical energy |
| Photosynthesis | equation, thylakoids=absorb energy from the sun, graphs |
| Respiration | equation, breaks down food to release energy |
| Fermentation | produces lactic acid |
| Energy | ultimately from sun |
| Cell Cycle | diagram, G1, S, G2, M, C |
| Interphase | DNA is copied |
| Chromosome | diagram, |
| Homologous chromosomes | similar chromosomes, inherited from parents |
| Meiosis | humans, 23 chromosomes |
| Trait | distinguishing characteristics |
| Law of segregation | receive two copies of a gene and donate one copy to offspring |
| Blood type | determine offspring’s blood type from parents |
| Linkage | diagram |
| Recessive | masked by dominant, if expressed has to be homozygous |
| Punnett square | use |
| Epistatic | results in white fur |
| Carrier | does not show trait, but can pass it on |
| Sex linked trait | y chromosome does not mask traits on x chromosome, colorblindness |
| Genetics | study of heredity |
| Mendel | father of genetics |
| Genotype | genes |
| Malignant | can cause tumors in other parts of the body |
| Cancer cell | divide uncontrollably |
| Binary fission | occurs in unicellular prokaryotes, bacteria, DNA is copied, new cell wall is formed, cell splits |
Created by:
evroman
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