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Botany Final

Botany Final 2010

QuestionAnswer
Origin of plastids Cyanobacteria, cell lost wall, trasferred some genes into nucleus, retained some genes.
plants have whats plastids primary plastids
origin of Mitochondria Eukaryotic/protobacteria/mitochondria
Endosymbiosis Eukaryotes engulfed a proteobacteria but did not digest it.
evidence of mitochondria reproduce through binary fission. double membrane bound, DNA circular, genes share homology sequnce with proteobacteria have own ribosomes.
chloroplasts location of photosynthesis, located in mesophyll cells.
chlorophyll green absorbs light, located in the thylakoid membranes stacked in columns, surrounded by a dense fluid called stroma.
Stomata sites of gas exchange
Light reactions Convert solar energy into ATP and NADPH
The end product of Photosynthesis ATP- NADPH, PGAL is the true end product.
Phylogeny the evolutionary history of a group of organisms
polymorphism variation within a pop. but belong to the same species of pop.
clinal variation change in phenotype as geography changes
hybrid zone geographic area where two different organisms meet and mate.
Biological Species concept(BSC) species are the same if they can reproduce healthy viable offspring. Cannot include asexual or fossil species. clumps together species that may be on different evolutionary trajectories.
Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC) clumps species together based on derived phylogenetic characteristics.
Speciation the evolution of two or more new species from one pre-existing species.
Sympatric speciation evolve in the same geographic location
Allopatric speciation species evolve due to geographic isolation. zero gene flow. can lead to speciation.
Parapatric Speciation evolution when populations are geographic neighbors. gene flow, selection happens.
Peripatric speciation same as allopatric but population starts off very small. can result in the loss of variation.
Created by: irshguy18
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