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Woodruff- Compounds
Woodruff- Compounds and Bonding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Compound | a pure substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined |
| Can a compound be separated by physical means? | No, they cannot |
| Compounds contain elements in (changing, definite) proportions | definite |
| Compounds look and act like the elements that form them (true or false). | false- they do not look or act like the elements that form them |
| chemical formula | shows the kinds of elements and ratios of atoms in a compound |
| subscript | small number written after and slightly below the symbol showing the number of atoms of that element |
| Absence of subscript means | one atom |
| diatomic | 2 atoms of same element |
| 7 elements that pair up together | N, O, Cl, F, Br, I, H |
| What does subscript following group of symbols enclosed with brackets or parentheses mean? (NO3)3 | multiply the subscript inside the parentheses- 3 N and 9 O |
| _________determines the way in which an atom will react chemically | electrons in the outermost energy level |
| How many electrons do all noble gases have in their outer energy level? | 8 |
| Why are most atoms trying to achieve in a chemical reaction? | Gain electrons- 8 to be chemically stable |
| What will atoms do in order to complete their valence shell? | gain, lose or share electrons |
| ion | charged particle or charged atom due to an atom gaining or losing electrons |
| Atoms with 1, 2, or 3 valence electrons will do what with those electrons to achieve a complete octet? | lose |
| What type of ions ar formed when electrons are lost? | positive |
| What do atoms with 5, 6, 7 valence electrons tend to achieve a complete octet? | gain |
| Type of elements that tend to gain electrons | non-metals |
| type of ions that are formed when non-metals gain electrons | negative |
| Atoms with four valence electrons _____ their electrons | share |
| Ionic bond | force of attraction between oppositely charged ions |
| When K and Cl combine, _____ is formed | KCl- potassium chloride |
| When Ca and F combine, _____ is formed | CaF2- Calcium Fluoride |
| When K and S combine, _____ is formed | K2S- Potassium Sulfide |
| When Mg and O combine, _____ is formed | MgO- Magnesium Oxide |
| When Al and O combine, _____ is formed | A203- Aluminum Oxide |
| When Li and N combine, _____ is formed | Li3N- Lithium Nitride |
| When Mg and Cl combine _____ is formed | MgCl2- Magnesium Chloride |
| Ionic bonds are (weak, strong) | strong |
| Ionic bonds have (high, low) melting point | high |
| Ionic bonds have (high, low) boiling point | high |
| Ionic bonds are (soft, brittle) | brittle |
| Ionic bonds are (good, poor) conductors as a solid | poor |
| Ionic bonds are (good, poor) conductors if dissolved | good |
| covalent bond | bond in which elecrons are shared between atoms (non-metals with non-metals) |
| molecule | smallest unit of a covalent compound |
| Are ionic bonds (weaker or stronger) than covalent bonds? | stronger |
| Two atoms of hydrogen bonds form a molecule by | sharing electrons |
| Describe an electron dot diagram for a single molecule of H2. | Both hydrogen molecules share two electrons between them, chemically stable |
| diatomic molecules | a molecule made up of two atoms of the same element (di- two) |
| Water is a _____ molecule because one end is + and the other end is - | polar |
| What is the formula for hydrogen sulfide? | H2S |
| What is the formular for hydrogen chloride? | HCl |
| What is the formula for ammonia? | NH3 |
| What is the formula for methane? | CH4 |
| Oxygen number or state | the number that tells how many electrons an atom gains, loses or shares forming a compound |
| When writing the formula for a compound, the sum of the oxidation numbers must equal _____. | zero |
| Binary compound | compound composed of two elements (bi-two) |
| First name of binary compound is | element with a positive oxidation number |
| Second name of binary compound is | element with a negative oxidation number |
| What ending is used when naming a binary compound? | ide |
| When must a Roman numeral be used in naming a compound? | Metals with more than one oxidation number |
| You must know _____ about atoms in a compound in order to write the formula for the compound | oxidation state or charge or oxidation number, must be 1:1 ratio |
| Prefix for 1 | mono |
| Prefix for 2 | di |
| Prefix for 3 | tri |
| Prefix for 4 | tetra |
| Prefix for 5 | penta |
| Formula for sulfur dioxide | S02 |
| Formula for sulfur trioxide | S03 |
| Formula for triphosphorus pentnitride | P3N5 |
| Formula for carbon tetrachloride | CCl4 |
| Formula for carbon monoxide | CO |
| Formula for ammonium sulfate | (NH4)2SO4 |
| Hydrated crystal | a crystal that contain water |
| Anhydrous | without water |
| When hydrated crystals are heated | water evaporates |
| Four examples of hydrated crystals | copper II sulfate, concrete, cobalt chloride, sodium dichromate |
| Formula for copper II sulfate pentahydrate | CuSO4 5 H20 |
Created by:
seagullq
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