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GRCC B121 #4 PNS
GRCC BI 121 PNS #4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| PNS divisions | Sensory and motor |
| motor | somatic & autonomic |
| somatic | concious motor activities |
| Autonomic u | unconscious motor activities |
| Autonomic divisions | sympathetic & parasympathetic |
| Sympathetic = | positive feedback....brings body away from homeostasis...(i.e. temp); emergent response |
| Parasympathetic | negative feedback....brings body back to homeostasis; non emergent response |
| Which division of the Autonomic response increases heart rate and breathing rates during an emergency? | Sympathetic |
| Which division of the ANS decreases HR and respiration following the emergency? | Parasympathetic |
| Nerve fiber classifications | functional and structural |
| Nerve fiber functional classifications | sensory (afferent), motor (efferent) & mixed nerves (contains both sensory and motor) |
| Sensory nerves | Nerve fiber classification that functions as an afferent response;impulse from environment to CNS |
| Motor nerves | functions as an efferent response; impulse from CNS to PNS to effector |
| Mixed nerves | functions as both an (motor) efferent and (sensory) afferent |
| Nerve Structural classification | cranial and spinal |
| cranial nerves | these originate from the brain |
| Spinal nerves | originate from the spine |
| How many cranial nerves? | 12 pairs |
| How many spinal nerves | 31 pairs |
| Structure of peripheral nerve: the mixed nerve Hierarchy | peripheral nerve - fascicle - fiber/axon |
| _______ - fascicle - fiber/acxon | Peripheral nerve |
| Peripheral nerve - _______ - fiber/axon | fascicle |
| peripheral nerve - fascicle - ___________ | fiber/axon |
| Structure of peripheral nerve: CT hierarchy overview | epineurium - perineurium - endoneurium |
| _________ - perineurium - endoneurium | epineurium |
| Epineurium - __________ - endoneurium | perineurium |
| epineurium - perineurium - _______ | endoneurium |
| Cranial nerves | O, O, O, T, A, F, V, G, V, A H |
| I. Olfactory | Smell/ofaction |
| II. Optic | vision |
| III. Oculomotor | Move eye, eyelids and iris |
| IV. Trochlear | superior oblique muscle eye movement |
| V. Trigeminal | Sensory for forehead, face, eyes. |
| VI. Abducens | Lateral rectus muscle of eye |
| VII. Facial | facial expression & taste buds |
| VIII. Vestibulococulear | Equilibrium & hearing |
| IX. Glossopharyngeal | Pharynx, tonsils, salivary, posterior tongue. |
| X. Vagus | Speech, swallowing, blood vessel diameter |
| XI. Accessory | Transmit neck muscles, palate and larynx |
| XII. Hypoglossal | Moves tongue |
| Which cranial nerves originate from brain stem | all but olfactory |
| what is the functional classification of cranial nervers | most are all mixed nerves, with the exception of those associated with special senses (i.e. smell and vision) |
| How are spinal nerves named? | Named after vertebrae from whcih they emerge (i.e. cervicl nerve, lumbar nerve, etc) |
| How many spinal nerves exist? | 31 pairs |
| What is the functional classification of the spinal nerves | They are all classified as mixed nerves |
| Where do spinal nerves enter and exit? | They exit from the dorsal and ventral roots. |
| Dorsal roots | Sensory neurons entering cord |
| Ventral roots | Motor neurons exiting cord. |
| Nerve Plexuses | cervical, brachial, lumbar and sacral |
| Plexus | interlacing nerve networks |
| plexus function | distributes a single function between multiple spinal nerves ensuring redundancy. |
| Plexus function Performs a single function between spinal nerves ensuring redundancy. | if a nerve is damaged, rather than there being complete loss of function, it will result in a less serious weakness, as there is still some nerve supply present. |
Created by:
Wends1984
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