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Molecular Genetics

QuestionAnswer
What is DNA? contains information that helps an organism develop and function
What is the complete name for DNA? deoxyribonucleic acid
What does DNA do for an organsim? develop and function
Where are segments of DNA located? located in the chromosomes
What does the DNA do in the chromosomes? carry information for certain traits are called genes
What are genes? is expressed, a protein is synthesized and produces a trait.
How many polymers are in DNA? 2
Where can these playmers be found? in a double helix structure
What are the backbones of DNA made of? sugars and phosphate groups
How are the polymers linked? linked by nitrogen bases, which attach to the sugars
What do the DNA polymers pair with? The bases on one DNA polymer pair with complementary bases on the other polymer in order to link the polymers together.
What is the nitrogen base "A"? adenine
What is the nitrogen base "T"? thymine
What is the nitrogen base "C"? cytosine
What is the nitrogen base "G"? guanine
Who does "A" pair up with? T
Who does "C" pair up with? G
Who does "t" pair up with? A
Who does "G" pair up with? C
What do three bases in a row make up? A condon
What is the first stage of DNA replication? 1.The two original strands of DNA separate.
What is the second stage of DNA replication? 2.DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand. (adenine bonds with thymine; cytosine bonds with guanine)
What is the third stage of DNA replication? 3.Two DNA molecules form, which are identical to the original DNA molecule.
What us the first stage of transcription? 1.Initiation: Enzymes bind to a DNA sequence and unzip the molecule.
What is the second stage of transcription? 2.Elongation: As the molecule unzips, RNA nucleotides pair to complementary DNA nucleotides on one of the DNA strands. (If the DNA strand reads AGT, the new RNA strand would read UCA.)
Created by: antonijaphillips
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