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Ab's/Anti-infective
Test III, N101
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Medical hand washing | Florence Nightengale |
| Founder of Microbiology: Bacteriology, Immunology, Pasteurization | Louis Pasteur |
| The strength of an organism & it's ability to cause disease | Virulence |
| Localized collection of microorganisms in tissue or organs which may either be pathogenic or part of normal flora | Colonization |
| Colonization signifies __________ infection, not presence of | Potential for |
| _________ microbes often precede an actual infection | Colonized |
| Protective process withing body tissues in response to invasion of toxins produced by colonizing microorganisms | Inflammation |
| Viable bacteria in the blood | Bacteremia |
| Systemic infection caused by multiplicity of microorganisms in the blood | Septicemia |
| Syndrome in which multiple organs systems are compromised D/T overload of microorganisms & their toxins in the blood | Sepsis |
| Septicemia | Total Body Infection |
| ___ of ppl who get Sepsis die | 40% |
| Most significant and most prevalent source of hospital infections | Bacteria |
| Smallest of all microorganisms | Virus |
| Plantlike organisms present in air, soil and water | Fungi |
| Bacterial walls are so thick that they retain the purple Gram stain after being washed in alcohol | Gram Positive |
| The bacterial walls are thin, so the stain washes right out | Gram Negative |
| Sterile Qtip smear of material onto Petri Dish which incubates for 48 - 72 hours | Culture |
| Match the bug with the drug | Culture & Sensitivity |
| Synthetic substance that destroys microorganisms or inhibits their growth | Antibiotic |
| Drug that kills or inhibits growth of pathogenic bacteria | Antibacterial |
| Drug to treat an infection | Anti-infective |
| Against a specific organism identified by culture | Directed Therapy |
| Against the most likely pathogen based on the pt's "clinical picture" | Empiric Therapy |
| IOnhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis | Antibiotic Actions |
| Best on Gram+ organisms; Amoxicillin, Nafcillin, Pipercillin (PCN) | Penicillins |
| Cephalexin, Cephazolin, Ceftriaxone | Cephalosporins |
| Glycopeptides: For severe infections when other antibiotics were ineffective or contraindicated | Vancomycin |
| Cell wall and Inhibit protein synthesis | Antimicrobial Actions |
| Good for Vancomycin-resistant bacteria (MRSA) | Zyvox |
| Inhibit DNA synthesis | Levofloxin (Levaquin) |
| Indications for Antibiotics | Fight Infection |
| Treat active infection; 7-10 days | Therapeutic |
| Given 24-48 hours to prevent infection | Prophylactic |
| Adverse Effects of Ab's | Hypersensitivity, Opportunistic infections |
| Caused by build-up of excess serum drug levels | Toxicity |
| Ab Best on Gram + organisms | Penicillin |
| Broad spectrum Antimicrobial, Gram +/- | Macrolides |
| Antimicrobial can discolor fetal teeth & deform fetal bones; Gram +/- | Tetracyclines |
| Penicillins | Best on Gram+ organisms; Amoxicillin, Nafcillin, Pipercillin (PCN) |
| Cephalosporins | Cephalexin, Cephazolin, Ceftriaxone |
| Penicillin | Ab Best on Gram + organisms |
| Macrolides | Broad spectrum Antimicrobial, Gram +/- |
| Antimicrobial can discolor fetal teeth & deform fetal bones; Gram +/- | Tetracyclines |
| Vancomycin | Glycopeptide |
| Zycox | Oxazolidinones |
| Oxazolidinones | Zycox |
| Glycopeptide | Vancomycin |
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