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Finals sem. 1 LT
finals for science mrs. Hacker
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; they are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm | cell |
| nything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any other part of an organism | stimulus |
| the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment | homeostasis |
| reproduction in which the sex cells from 2 parents to unite producing off spring that share traits from both parents | Sexual reproduction |
| reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offspring identical to itself | asexual reproduction |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism | metabolism |
| an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings | producer |
| an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients | decomposer |
| a molecule that is made up of aminoacids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body | protein |
| a class of energy giving nutrients that include sugars, starches, and fiber contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen | carbohydrate |
| a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water: fats and steroids | lipid |
| a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membrane | phospholipid |
| adenosine triphosphate, a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes | ATP |
| a molecule made up of sub-units called nucleotides | nucleic acid |
| in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes , cells are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm | cell |
| a phospholipid layer that acts as a barrier between the inside of a cells and the cells environment | cell membrane |
| one of the small bodies in cells cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specific function | organelle |
| in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction | nucleus |
| an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus | prokaryote |
| an organism made up of cell that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane | eukaryote |
| a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell | cell wall |
| cell organelle composed of RNA and protein at the site of photosynthesis | ribosome |
| a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing and transport of protein and in the production of lipids | endoplasmic reticulum |
| in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by 2 membranes and is the site of cellular respiration | mitochondria |
| cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell | golgi complex |
| a small cavitiy or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell | vesicle |
| a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes | lysosome |
| a group of similar cells that perform a common function | tissue |
| a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body | organ |
| a group of organs that work together to perform body functions | organ system |
| a living thing, anything that can carry out life processes independently | organism |
| the arrangement of parts in an organism | structure |
| the special, normal, or proper activity of an organism or part | function |
| the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density | diffusion |
| the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane | osmosis |
| the movement of substances across a cell membrane w/o the use of energy by the cell | passive transport |
| the movement of substances across a cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy | active transport |
| the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell | endocytosis |
| the process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that them moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane | exocytosis |
| the process by which plants algae and some bacteria use sunlight carbon dioxide and water to make food | photosynthesis |
| the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food | cellular respiration |
| the breakdown of food w/o the use of oxygen | fermentation |
| the life cycle | cell cycle |
| in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA | chromosome |
| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure | homologous chromosomes |
| in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms 2 new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes | mitosis |
| the division of cytoplasm of a cell | cytokinesis |
| what do both archaebacteria and eubacteria have | circular DNA |
Created by:
ltdancer97
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