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Biology Midterm 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which cell organelle is responsible for regulating movement of substances into and out of the cell? | cell membrane |
| When the body uses more energy than consumed, which internal macromolecule is broken down? | lipids |
| What are the monomers of proteins? | amino acids |
| What is the function of enzymes in the body? | to help with chemical reactions |
| What do digestive enzymes do? | They digest different types of food, and quicken reactions. |
| What is missing in people who are lactose intolerant? | lactase |
| What does extreme heat do to enzymes? What does this mean for enzyme function? | It denatures them. They are now not able to function. |
| What cell process is responsible for growth and development of multicellular organisms? | mitosis |
| What has to happen before a cell can divide? | It must duplicate its DNA. |
| HOw do the chromosome numbers of daughter cells compare to those of parent cells after mitosis? | They are the same. |
| What is the function of the cell cycle? | It shows the life and reproduction of a cell. |
| What is the difference in cells between large multicellular organisms and small ones? | Large animals have more cells |
| In which part of the cell cycle are new cells formed? | M-phase |
| Which process moves an ion across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient? | active transport |
| Which term describes the movement of water through the cell membrane | osmosis |
| For a substance to move across a cell membrane using diffusion, what must be present in terms of concentration of the substance? | A concentration gradient |
| What is diffusion | movement of particles from high to low concentrations |
| what does the term semipermeable mean | it allows some things, but not all things in or out |
| Which component of the cell membrane functions to actively transport molecules into the cell? | protein channels |
| What will happen to a cell if it is submerged in a hypertonic solution? | it will shrink |
| How will the solute concentrations outside of a cell affect the water content in the cell? | The water will go where the salt is. |
| What must be used to move an ion across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient? | active transport |
| If a plant does not receive enough water, what will happen to its stem? | It will droop. |
| What happens in facilitated diffusion | Proteins move through protein channels without using energy. |
| What can allow invasive species to out compete native species? | Competition for food and shelter. |
| What will a migratory animal do if its food supply in an area decreases. | it will migrate |
| What is an abiotic factor in an environment? | It is not living. Temperature |
| What is mutualism? | When two organisms benefit. |
| What is a decomposer? | breaks down dead things |
| What effect would the loss of pollinating insects have on a flowering plant? | It would stop the reproduction. |
| How do the graphs of predator and prey population numbers over time compare? | They are the same. |
| What is a parasite/host interaction? | Parasite benefits while the host is harmed. |
| How must birth and death rates in a population compare to maintain equilibrium? | They must stay the same. |
| Why do animals hibernate | to conserve energy, warmth, and food. |
| What will happen in a prey population if the predator is removed from the environment? | They will increase. |
| What causes a graph to have an s-shaped curve? | loss of a predator. |
| Why does primary succession take so long? | It starts from nothing. |
| What is the greatest impact humans have had on the carbon cycle. | We have added carbon to the environment |
| What organisms begin primary succession? | lichens |
| What is the first community founded after primary succession? | pioneer species |
| What human activity has helped deplete the OZONE layer | The use of CFC's |
| What is a limiting factor. | a factor the hinders a species from reaching its full potential. |
| Most of the concentration of which gas results from the activity of producer organisms? | Oxygen |
| What is the purpose of chlorophyll in photosynthesis | it converts sunlight into usable form of energy |
| What is the photosynthesis equation? | 6CO2+H20+sunlight=C6H12O6+6O2 |
| What is the cellular respiration equation? | C6H12O6+6O2=6CO2+H2O+sunlight |
| Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose? | oxygen |
| How can the products of photosynthesis have greater energy than the reactants? | higher energy bonds in sugar. |
| When yeast cells release carbon dioxide, what series of reactions are they completing? | cellular respiration |
| Why is phosphorus important in cellular respiration? | It helps change energy to ATP |
| Where in the cell is the most energy released during cellular respiration | inner membrane of the mitochondria. |
| Why does biomass decreases as trophic level increases in a food pyramid | you only get 1/10 of the energy. |
| hypertonic | concentration outside is higher. water moves into cell. |
| hypotonic | concentration inside is higher. water moves out of the cell. |
Created by:
bookwormabbi
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