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Ch. 7 cellular respi
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Aerobic respiration/cellular respiration | -consumes organic molecules and O2 and yields ATP |
| what is the ATP chemical reaction? | C6H12O6+ 6 O2 --> 6 CO2 + 6 H20 |
| Redox Reactions | -Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between reactants |
| Oxidation | a substance loses electrons, or oxidized |
| Reduction | -a substance gains electrons, or is reduced (the amount of positive charge is reduced) |
| Reucing Agent | the electron donor |
| Oxidizing agent | -the electron receiver |
| 3 phases of glycolysis | 1)energy investment-2 ATP hydrolyzed 2)Cleavage- glucose is broken into two 3 carbon molecules 3)Energy Liberation-two glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is broken down into 2 pyruvate producing 2 NADH and 4 ATP |
| From glycolysis, we get | 2 ATP 2 NADH 2 Pyruvate |
| From the Bridge or transition stage, we get: | 2 CO2 2 NADH 2 Acetyl CoA |
| From the citric Acid (krebs) cycle, we get: | 4 CO2 2 ATP 6NADH 2 FADH2 |
| Glycosylation | -Changes a glucose into 2 pyruvates through 3 stages -occurs in the cytoplasm |
| Transition Cycle (Bridge Cycle) | -pyruvate is transported to the mitochondrial matrix -molecule of CO2 removed from each pyruvate -remaining acetyl group attched to CoA to make Acetly CoA |
| Citric Acid Cycle | -Metabolic cycle: particular molecules enter while others leave, invilving a series of organic molecules regenerated with each cycle -Acetyl group is removed from Acetyl CoA and attched to ocaloacetate to form citrate (citric acid) |
| What are the steps of the Citric Acid Cycle | 1)Combine the Acetyl group with oxaloacetate to make citrate 2)converts citrate to a 5 carbon molecule, and gives off O2 3)chops off anotherand makes a 4 carbon molecule and gives off a CO2 |
| Oxidative Phosporylation | -last stage in making ATP -NADH and FADH2 take E- to the electron transport chain -happens in the cristae of the mitochondria - E- drop in free energy as they go down the chain and are finally passed to O2 forming H20 |
| How to protons get to ATP synthase? | -the energy released in ETC is used to pump protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space -establishes a proton gradient -protons take ADP and Phosphate to ATP synthase and it attches them to make ATP |
| Chemiosmosis | the use of energy in a H+ gradient to drive cellular work |
| Fermentation and anaerobic ferpirationi enable cells to produce ATP w/o the use of O2 | -Glycolysis can produce ATP w/ or w/o O2 -in the absence of O2, glycolysis couples with ferentation to produce ATP |
| Tyoes of fermentation | -alcohol fermentation -lactic acid fermentation |
Created by:
haley6719
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