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Bio Final 1st sem.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Porifera | Sponges |
| Cnidaria | Jellyfish |
| Platyhelminthes | Flatworms |
| Nematoda | Roundworms |
| Mollusca | Mollusk |
| Annelida | Segmented Worms |
| Arthropoda | insects/spiders |
| Echinoderm | Starfish |
| Chordata | Vertabrates |
| Bryophytes | First Land plants |
| Pteridophytes | First Vascular Plants |
| Gymnosperm | First Seed plants |
| Angioperm | First Flowering Plants |
| Mutation/Variation | Mutation changes in DNA sequence to create variation |
| Gene Flow | Movement of Individuals and Alleles in and out of population |
| Non-random Mating | Sexual Selection |
| Genetic Drift | Bottleneck/Founder Effect |
| Bottleneck | some factor like disaster brings down population to small number then population expands again |
| Founder effect | founded by few alleles, skews gene pool with new population |
| Natural Selection | Differential survival and reproduction due to changing environmental conditions |
| Coelem | Mesoderm and endoderm interact during development |
| protosome | infolding portion=mouth |
| deuterostom | infolding portion= anal |
| innate Behavior | inherited, "instinctive" |
| learned behavior | change with experience and environment |
| proximate causes | immediate stimulus and mechanism |
| ultimate causes | evolutionary significance |
| Fixed Action Patterns (FAP) | Sequence of behaviors essentially unchangeable and usually conducted to completion once started. (innate behavior) |
| Taxis | Automatic movement towards (positive taxis) or away from (negative taxis) |
| Kinesis | change in rate of movement in response to a stimulus |
| Mycorrhizae | Enables plants to absorb more water and nutrients. Live in plant roots |
| Mycelium | Threadlike cells in fungal body |
| Hydroxyl Group | Alcohol (O-H) |
| Carbonyl Group | Acetone (=O) |
| Carboxyl Group | Acetic acid-vinegar (C=O-O-H) |
| Amino Group | Amino Acids (NH3) |
| Sulfhydryl Group | Hair & DNA (S-H) |
| Phosphate Group | ATP (P=o-o-o-o) |
| Polypeptide Bond | Making bonds between amino acids, uses dehydration synthesis (C-N) |
| Primary Fold | sequence of amino acids |
| Secondary Fold | Alpha Helix, Beta pleated sheets |
| Tertiary | R-groups link together |
| Quaternary | More than one protein comes together |
| R-Groups | Sub groups off the core of amino acids |
| Carbohydrates | CH2O, Energy molocules |
| Lipids | Fats and Oils, Long term energy storage |
| Unsaturated Fats | Double bonded C (C=C) Better for you |
| Saturated Fats | All carbons bonded to hydrogen (C-H) |
| Endergonic | Energy is invested (Synthesis) |
| Exergonic | Energy is released (digestion) |
| Containers | Partition cell into components & create different local environments |
| Protein Assembly Line | Nucleus, ribosome, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi apparatus, Vesicles |
| ATP | energy for organisms, made by cells |
| Lysosomes | Stomach of the cell, digests macromolecules, cleans up broken down organelles |
| apoptosis | cell "auto-destruct" process, lysosomes break open and kill cell |
| mitochondria | turns glucose into ATP |
| Chloroplasts | turns sunlight into ATP |
| cytoskeleton | structural support of cell |
| centrioles | used for cell division, guide chromosomes in mitosis |
Created by:
pacifico411
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