Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Mol and cell ch. 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Kenetic energy | associated with movement |
| Potential energy | due to structure or location |
| First law of thermodynamics | law if conservation of energy. Energy canot be created or destroyed. Can be transformed from one type to another |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | Transfur or transformation of energy from one form to another increases entropy or degree of disorder or system. |
| Entropy energy transformation | Energy transforms involeve an increase in entropy. |
| Entropy | A measure of the disorder that cannot be harnessed to do work. |
| Exergonic reactions | Delta G= the change in free energy. |
| Endergonic reactions | Invest energy in the form of ATPin our bodies. ie: Na/K pump, proton pump |
| Phosphorylation | transferring a phosphate group to some other molecule. The addition of one or more phosphate groups to another molecule makes that molecule of more reactive |
| Kinases | Are a family of enzymes that catalyze the phophorylation of various molecules |
| Phosphatases | Catalyze the removal of phosphate from molecules |
| Catalyst Enzyme Ribozyme | -agent that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed during the reaction -protein catlysts in living cells -RNA molecules with catalytic properties |
| Activation Energy | -initial input of energy to start reaction -allows molecules to get close enough to cause bond rearrangement -Can now achieve transition state where bonds are stretched |
| How do you overcome activation energy? | 2 ways: 1)large amounts of heat (chem lab) 2)using enzymes to lower activation energy |
| How do you lower activation? | 1)straining bonds-in reactants to make it easier to achieve transition state 2)positioning reactants-together to facilitate bonding 3)changing local enivronment |
| Active Site Substrate Enzyme-substrate complex products | -Location where reaction takes place -reactants that bind to active site -formed when enzyme and substrate bind -released at end of reaction |
| Substrate binding | -enzymes have a high degree of specificity -Induced fit-interaction also involves conformational changes |
| Prosthetic Groups Cofactor Coenzyme | -small molecules permanently attched to the enzyme -usually inorganic ion that temporarily binds to enzyme -organic molecule that participates in reaction but left unchanged afterward |
| Saturation | plateau where nearly all active sites occupied by substrate |
| K sub m | substrate concentration at which velocity is half max value |
| Competitive Inhibitor Noncompetitive Inhibitor | -bind to the active site of an enzyme, competing w the substrate -bind to another part of an enzyme, causing the enzyme to change shape and making the active site less effective |
| Regulation of enzyme activity is achieved by | 1)switching on or off the genes that encode specific enzymes 2)reulating the activity of existing enzymes by: -phosporylation -allosteric activation of inhibion -feedback inhibition |
| Allosteric regulation | -may either inhibit or stimulate an enzyme's activity -occurs when a regulatory mol. binds to a protein at one site and affects the proteins function at another site |
| Feedback inhibition | -the end product of a metabolic pathway shuts down the pathway -prevents a cell from wasting chem resources by synthesizing more product than is needed |
| Catabolic Pathways | -release energy (exergonic) by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds |
| Anabolic pathways | -consume energy (endergonic) to build complex molecules from simpler ones |
Created by:
haley6719
Popular Biology sets