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alecs midterm review
mr z's midterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment | cell membrane |
| one of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specification | organelle |
| in a eukaryotic, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism and reproduction | nucleus |
| an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus | prokaryote |
| a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface; acts as a barrier between the inside of a cell and the cell's environment | cell membrane |
| one of the small bodies in a cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform a specification | organelle |
| in a eukaryotic, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism and reproduction | nucleus |
| an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus | prokaryote |
| the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; are covered by a membrane and have DNA and cytoplasm | cell |
| the special, normal or proper activity of an organ or part | function |
| a class of energy-giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fibers; contains carbon. hydrogen and oxygen | carbohydrate |
| an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane; they include animals, plants and fungi, but not archae or eu-bacteria | eukaryote |
| an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients | decomposer |
| an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell | cell wall |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| the trait observed in the first generation | dominant trait |
| cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site or protein synthesis | ribosome |
| one set of instructions for an inherited trait | gene |
| a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids | endoplasmic reticulum |
| an organism's appearence | phenotype |
| the entire genetic makeup of an organism | genotype |
| the liklihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event | probability |
| the special, normal or proper activity of an organ or part | function |
| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure | homologous chromosomes |
| a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells | meiosis |
| a class of energy-giving nutrients that includes sugars, starches, and fibers; contains carbon. hydrogen and oxygen | carbohydrate |
| one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual | sex chromosome |
| a molecule that is made up of amino acids and that is needed to build and repair body structures and to regulate processes in the body | protein |
| an organism that gets energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms or animal wastes and consuming or absorbing the nutrients | decomposer |
| the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism | metabolism |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| an organism that eats other organisms or organic matter | consumer |
| reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offsping identical to itself | asexual reproduction |
| reproduction in which sexcells from two parents unite, producing offsping that share traits from both parents | sexual reproduction |
| an organism that can make its own food by using energy from its surroundings | producer |
| a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes | ATP |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steriods are this | lipids |
| the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environent | homeostasis |
| anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism | stimulus |
| the trait observed in the first generation | dominant trait |
| in a eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration | mitochandrion |
| a trait that reappears in the second generation | recessive trait |
| one set of instructions for an inherited trait | gene |
| cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transferred out to the cell | golgi complex |
| a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell | vesicle |
| a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes | lysosome |
| one of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color | allele |
| a group of similar cells that perform a common function | tissue |
| an organism's appearence | phenotype |
| a group of organs that work together to perform body functions | organ system |
| the entire genetic makeup of an organism | genotype |
| a living thing; anything that can carry out all life processes | organism |
| the liklihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event | probability |
| chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure | homologous chromosomes |
| a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells | meiosis |
| one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual | sex chromosome |
| a diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family | pedigree |
| the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism | metabolism |
| the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring | heredity |
| reproduction that does not involve the union of sex cells and in which one parent produces offsping identical to itself | asexual reproduction |
| reproduction in which sexcells from two parents unite, producing offsping that share traits from both parents | sexual reproduction |
| a molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes | ATP |
| a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membrances | phospholipid |
| a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water; fats and steriods are this | lipids |
| the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environent | homeostasis |
| anything that causes a reaction or change in an organism or any part of an organism | stimulus |
| in a eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration | mitochandrion |
| cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transferred out to the cell | golgi complex |
| a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell | vesicle |
| a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes | lysosome |
| a group of similar cells that perform a common function | tissue |
| a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body | organ |
| a group of organs that work together to perform body functions | organ system |
| a living thing; anything that can carry out all life processes | organism |
| the arrangment of parts in an organism | structure |
| a molecule made up of subunits called nucleotides | nucleic acid |
Created by:
alecza
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