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ATIFundamentals
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Advantages of IV Therapy | fast absorption, less discomfort, constant therapeutic blood levels, less irritation |
Disadvantages of IV Therapy | fluid overload is possible, immediate absorption leaves no time to correct errors, irritation, infection |
Signs of Infiltration | pallor, local swelling, low skin temp around the site, damp dressing, slowed infusion |
Treatment of Infiltration | Stop infusion & remove catheter. Elevate extremity, encourage active ROM, apply warm compresses 3-4x/day, Restart the infusion proximal to the site or in another extremity |
Signs of Phlebitis | |
Treatment of Phlebitis | D/C infusion & remove catheter, evlevate extremity, apply warm compresses 3-4x/day, restart the infusion proximal to the site or in another extremity, culture the site and cath if drainage is present |
Signs of Fluid overload | Distended neck veins, increased BP & HR, SOB, crackles in the lungs, edema |
Treatment of fluid overload | Stop infusion, raise head of the bed, assess vital signs, adjust the rate and administer diuretics as prescribed. |
Hypoxemia | Inadequate level of O2 in the blood, can be result of hypovolemia, hypoventilation, & interruption of arterial flow |
Signs of Early Hypoxemia | Tachypnea, tachycardia, reslessness, pale skin & mucous membranes, elevated BP, symptoms of respiratory distress |
Signs of late hypoxemia | confusion & stupor, cyanotic skin & mucous membranes, bradypnea, bradycardia, hypotension, cardiac dysrhythmias |
S/S O2 toxicity | Nonproductive cough, substernal pain, nasal stuffiness, N&V, fatigue, HA, sore throat, & hypoventilation |