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emily k's midterm 1

midterms for mrs. hacker science

QuestionAnswer
when sedimentary rock is subjected to heat and pressure, what does it change into? metamorphic rock
what do scientists classify rocks by? composition and texture
what kind of texture does igneous rock have when magma cools slowly? coarse-grained
which process forms sediment? weathering
what are the layers in sedimentary rock called? strata
what kind of sedimentary rock is made from disolved minerals? chemical
what kind of sedimentary rock is made from fossils? organic
how did humans use rocks in the past? tools and buildings
sedimentary rock is formed through the process of cementation
what has to increase for metamorphism to occur? temperature and pressure
besides weathering and erosion,what other forces shape earth's features? deposition and uplift
when magma cools quickly, what kind of texture does rock have? fine-grained
during the rock cycle, what forms when magma cools? igneous rock
what do scientists call the rock that is formed when magma cools below earth's surface? intrusive igneous rock.
besides clastic and chemical, what is the other kind of sedimentary rock? organic
besides texture, how else are rocks classified? composition
name a coarse grained igneous rock. granite
when shale is exposed to slight heat and pressure what foliated metamorphic rock does it become? slate
what is one way that magma forms? when rock is heated
what is it called when sediment is dropped and comes to rest? deposition
besides heat, hat else causes rock to undergo metamorphism? pressure
mud cracks form when fine-grained sediments are exposed to the air and... dry out
what is the largest of all intrusive igneous rock formations? batholiths
what does lava flow out of on the earth's surface? fissures
what determines the composition of a rock? the minerals it is made up of
what is a solid mixture of one or more minerals and organic matter? rock
process by which new rock forms from old rock rock cycle
process by which sediment is removed from its source. erosion
process by which sediment is dropped and comesto rest. deposition
the chemical makeup of a rock composition
size, shape, and positionof grains that make up a rock texture
process in which crystals in minerals change in size or composition recrystallization
metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are not arranged in planes or bands nonfoliated
a change in the shape of rock caused by force deformation
metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are arranged in bands foliated
a metamorphic rock in which mineral grains are not arranged in bands nonfoliated
layers found in sedimentary rock strata
rock that cools at the earth's surface extrusive igneous rock
process in which layers in sedimentary rock are formed stratification
rock that cools below the earth's surface intrusive igneous rock
the process by which new rocks form from old rocks rock cycle
igneous rock that cools on earth's surface extrusive igneous rock
rocks made from animal or plant remains organic sedimentary rock
metamorphic rocks in which mineral grains are arranged in bands foliated rock
name something that is NOT true of metallic minerals they do not conduct heat well
what are the two major groups of minerals? silicates and nonsilicates
the groupings silicate and nonsilicate are based on... chemical composition
a silicate mineral must contain... silicon and oxygen
nonsilicate minerals include... native elements
in addition to reclemation, a good way to reduce the enviromental effects of mining is to... recycle mineral products
the colr of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white, unglazed porelain is called the mineral's... streak
halides will NOT form when flourine, chlorine, iodine, or bromine are combined with... oxygen
what is a mineral deposit that is large and pure enough to be mined called? ore
what kinds of mines are open pits and quarry mines? surface mines
what is the name for nonmetallic minerals that are valued for their beauty and rarity rather than their usefullness? gemstones
the repeating pattern of atoms, ions, or molecules in a mineral is called... crystalline structure
in addition to silicon and oxygen, silicate minerals useually contain... other elements
halides and oxides are classes of... nonsilicate minerals
the potentially harmful effects of mining can be reduced by... reclemation of the land
which mineral is most resistant to scratching diamond
besides air and water, what can change the color of a mineral? impurities
what are the three types of luster? metallic, submetallic, nonmetallic
on what type of surface does a fracture happen? curved
what is the softest mineral on the Mohs scale? talc
what is the color of a mineral in powdered form callled? streak
a mineral has a deffinite... crystalline structure
a mineral that is composed of only one mineral is called a... native element
calcite and fluorite glow uner ultraviolet light. this special property is called... fluorescence
minerals such as gypsum and halite are left behind when... salt water evaporates
minerals that contain uranium or radium can be detected using a... geiger counter
more than 90% of earth's crust is made up of... silicate minerals
what is one of the most common silicate minerals? feldspar
what is the main component of most rocks on earth? feldspar
the way a mineral breaks is dtermined by the... arrangement of its atoms
when you say that an object is shiny or dull, youo are describing its... luster
what is a naturally formed, inorganic solid with a definite crystalline structure? mineral
what is the tendency of some minerals to break along smooth, flat surfaces? cleavage
gold is an example of an... element
a natural material deposit that is large enough and pure enough to be mined for profit is an... ore
what is the ratio of mass to volume of a substance? density
the special property that causes some minerals to glow is... fluorescence
minerals that contain silicon and oxygen are... silicate minerals
Created by: emilykoster<3
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