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Jill's Midterm Stack

QuestionAnswer
When sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure, what does it become? Metamorphic rock
Scientists classify rocks by..... Composition and texture
What kind of sedimentary rock is made from fossils? Organic
What has to increase for metamorphism to occur? Temperature and pressure
A substance that cannot be broken down into another substance by regular chemical means Element
A combination of two or more elements joined by their atoms Compound
A solid with a definate shape whose atoms, molecules, and ions are arranged in a particular pattern Crystal
Minerals that contain a compound of silicon and oxygen Silicate minerals
Minerals that do not contain a compound of silicon and oxygen Nonsilicate minerals
Percent of silicate minerals on Earth Ninety percent
A naturally made, nonliving solid with a definate crystal structure Mineral
The way a mineral reflects in light Luster
The splitting of a mineral along smooth, flat surfaces Cleavage
The color of the powder of a mineral Streak
The manner in which a mineral breaks along either curved or irregular surfaces Fracture
The measure of the ability of a mineral to resist scratching Hardness
The ratio of the mass of a substance to the value of a substance Density
A natural material whose concentration of conomicly valuable minerals is high enough for the mineral to be mined profitably Ore
The process of returning land to its original condion after mining is completed Reclaimation
Household item made of sodium chloride Tablesalt
Made up of only one element Native element
Building blocks of rocks Minerals
True of false: different rocks are composed of different minerals True
Most basic unit of matter Atom
Breaks down rocks into fragments Weathering
Removes sediment from its source Erosion
Discribes the size, shapes, positions of a rock's grains Texture
The minerals contained in a rock Compostion
Rock formed from the cooling and solidifacation of magma beneath the Earth's surface Intrusive igneous rock
Formed from the cooling and solidifacation of magma above the Earth's surface Extrusive igneous rock
The idea that the forces that change the Earth are gradual and have been at work for many years Uniformitarianism
THe idea that changes on the Earth's surface are sudden Catastrophism
The 'Age of Mammals' Cenozoic Era
A missing layer of rock Uncomformity
The study of past life Paleontology
Dates objects in relation to other objects Relative dating
Finds the exact age of an object Absolute dating
The largest division of geologic time Eon
When elements have the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons Isotopes
The time it takes for one half of a radioactive sample to decay Half-life
Recieved the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 for discovering radiation being emmited by uranium Marie Curie
How geologic time is measured Geologic Time Scale
Occur when geologic processes preserve an organism, or evidence of an organism Fossil
The 'ideal' arrangement of all the known fossils and rocks on Earth from oldest on the bottem to the youngest on the top Geologic collumn
The most basic concept used in relative dating Superposition
The main mineral component of most rocks on Earth's surface Felspar
Minerals that contain combinations of carbon and oxygen Carbonates
Minerals that contain one or more elements combined with sulfur Sulfides
Number of naturally occuring elements Ninety-two
Bright and reflective luster Metalic
Dull and reflective luster Submetallic
Includes vitreous, waxy, pearly, earthy, silky, and resinous looking lusters Nonmetallic
Scale used by scientists to determine a mineral's hardness Mohs hardness scale
Hardest of all minerals Diamond
Softest of all minerals Talc
Created by: JHast198
Popular Earth Science sets

 

 



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