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grcc bi121 lec4
grcc bi#4 CNS divisions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNS | spinal cord and brain |
| Brain is composed of | cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon and brain stem |
| covering of the brain | meninges |
| meninges composed of | dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater |
| Dura mater | vascular CT with nerves and forms internal periosteum of the skull bones and covers spinal cord as ti passes thru vertebrae |
| outside layer | dura mater |
| Dura mater attaches to what? | does not attach to vertebrae, but it is seperated by the epidural space |
| what is the space below the dura mater? | subdural space |
| subdural hematoma | trauma to head may cause blood to collect in space below dura mater. |
| arachnoid mater | avascular membrane that reabsorbes CSF |
| dural sinus | this is where blood flows between the dura and the arachnoid mater. |
| pia mater | vascular with nerves. nourishes CNS cells via CSF secretions and attaches dura mater to spinal cord |
| this meninge layer nourishes CNS cells via CSF secretions | Pia mater |
| what attaches dura mater to the spinal cord? | Pia mater, the last layer of the meninges |
| subarchnoid space | this is the space between the arachnoid and pia mater where CSF is reabsorbed. |
| Meningitis | viral or bacterial inflammation of the meninges (usually arachnoid & pia mater). |
| vision, hearing, IQ and possible death | What does meningitis affect? |
| CSF | derived from plasma, and is almost the same composition except it contains glucose, sodium and less potassium |
| functions of CSF | cushions CNS, nourishes CNS, transport wastes to blood, provides ion balance for nerve transmission |
| Where does CNS get its nutrition from? | CSF |
| What cushions the CNS? | cerebral spinal fluid protects |
| CSF transports | Transports waste to blood? |
| Why does CNS balance Ion's? | for nerve transmission |
| CSF Flow | Brain ventricles are interconnected cavities continuous with spinal cord central canal |
| Brain ventricles | what is interconnected cavities within spinal cord central canal |
| how many ventricles in the cns | four |
| what do the four ventricles contain | capillary bundles (choroid plexuses) that secretes CSF |
| First and Second ventricles | lateral ventricles that extend into frontal, temporal and occipital lobes |
| Third ventricles location | surrounded by the thalamus and hypothalums |
| Fourth ventricle location | inferior ventricle anterior to cerebellum. |
| Hydrocephalus | Fluid/water on the brain. |
| How do hydrocephalus results | When CSF production is greater than it can be reaborbed. |
| What causes hydrocephalus | infection, clot, tumor. |
| How to fix hydrocephalus | drain excess CSF, valve left till condition is resolved. |
| Nematode worms | round worms or platyhelminthes (tapeworms) can enter the brain and live as adults or produce cysts. |
| subdural space | Blood flows in a space between the dura mater & the arachnoid matter. |
Created by:
Wends1984
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