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Bone/Skin
Anatamoy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| greenstick fracture | An incomplete fracture in which the bone usually is bent. common in children. |
| transverse fracture | fracture at a right angle to the bone's axis. |
| oblique fracture | a fracture in which the break has a curve or slope. |
| comminuted fracture | a fracture in which the bone fragments into pieces. |
| impact fracture | the ends of the fracture are driven into eachother. |
| spiral fracture | when the two ends of the bones go in different directions causing a break. |
| displaced fracture | when the bones of the fracture do not line up |
| non-displaced fracture | when the bones of the fracture line up |
| IGF | insulin-like growth factor |
| hGH | human growth hormone |
| what hormone is responsible for the stop in long bone growth? | estrogen |
| what stage of life causes a surge of sex hormones and a growth spurt? | puberty |
| stages of bone repair are: | inflammation, soft callus, and hard callus. |
| inflammation is when: | the break opens all local blood vessels and blood pools in the area forming a blood clot. the body sends a rush of cells to the area to form a natural protection. |
| soft callus is when: | the fibroblasts make rubbery collagen fibers the hold together the loose parts of the fracture. |
| hard callus is when: | the soft callus become hardened as osteoblasts deposit minerals. |
| how much of your body's bone is being remodeled at any given time? | 5% |
| How much compact bone is renewed each year? | 4% |
| how much spongy bone is renewed each year? | 20% |
| what parts of the body are included in the integumentary system? | skin, hair, glands, muscles, pigments, and nerves. |
| what is skin also known as? | the cutaneus membrane |
| what are skins three main claims to fame? | 1. covers the external surface of the body 2.is the largest organ in the body 3. can regulate temp, protect, waterproof, and make vitamins. |
| how many layers of skin are there? | 2 layers and 1 non-layer (epidermis, dermis, and hypo-dermis) |
| Thin Skin? | covers all parts of the body except soles of feel, palms, and undersides of fingers. the epidermis is thin, has hair, and oil glands. sensory receptors are widely distributed. |
| Thick Skin | Located on soles of feet, palms, and underside of fingers. does not have hair, lacks oil glands, has a thick epidermis, and the sensory receptors are closer together and they have sweat glands. |
| suboriferous glands? | sweat gland |
| sebacious gland? | oil gland |
| cells in epidermis? | keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans, markel cell. |
| Keratinocyte | most numerous, they have lamellar granules that give skin its water proofing. |
| melanocytes | contain melanin that leave the melanocytes and protect the keratinocytes from the uv rays of the sun. |
| melanoma | Cancer of the melanocytes |
| lengerhans | fright off infections in the skin, only a small amount of these cells. |
| markel cells | are sensory cells and detect pressure points. |
| layers of the epidermis? | Come, Lets Get Sun Burned! Stratum Cornum, Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skin), Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Brasale |
| what is the only layer that goes through mitosis? | Basal layer |
| what is the dermis mainly made of? | connective tissue, collagen fibers and elastic fibers. |
| cells of the dermis | fibroblast, macrophages, adiposts |
| things imbedded in the dermis | blood vessels, nerves, glands, and hair follicles |
| What does the papillary region contain? | capillary loops, corpuscles of touch, free nerve endings. |
| what is the papillary region made of? | 1/5 of the dermis, elastic fibers, areolar connective tissue, and enhanced by dermal papillae. |
| Reticular Region is? | 80% of the dremis, attached to the hypodermis, consists of dense irregular tissue and collagen fibers. |
| where are the base of the sweat and oil glands? | the reticular region. |
| what does the reticular region provide? | extensibility and elasticity. |
| stretch marks are formed in what layer of the skin? | the reticular region. |
| dermal ridges | fingerprints, can be straight lines or loops. glands are open on ridges. |
| skin color is determined by? | melanin, carotin, and hemoglobin. |
Created by:
Mtx3vb
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