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BI 121 #4 lec
B121 Lec Neuron Anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cell body | region of nucleus, it is where the integegration of the nervous system occurs. |
| Processes | Dendrites & Axons |
| Dendrites function | Deliver impulses to cell body |
| Axon's function | Carries impulses away from the cell. |
| Axon nerve fibers | Axon terminals & synaptic knob |
| End of an axon | Axon terminal |
| Synaptic knob | Knob at the end of the axon terminal |
| What are nerves? | They are a bundle of axons. |
| Nerve fibers | Axon is also refered as |
| Myelin | Insulative layers of membrane around neuroglial cells called schwann cells in PNS |
| Where are schwann cells found? | PNS |
| Nodes of ranvier | Gaps between adjoining schwann cells |
| What is the white matter in the brain made up of? | Groups of myelinated axons which appear as white |
| What is the gray matter in the brain made up of? | Unmylenated axons |
| What might be a cause of MS and how does it affect the body? | A virus may cause this by hardening the areas of myelin, which reduce or stop the impulse. |
| What happens if an MS patient, the muscel neurons are affected? | Muscles atrophy |
| What happens if an MS patient brain neurons are affected? | Decrease of vision or other senses will occur. |
| What is the prognosis of MS? | Total payalysis. |
| structural classification of nuerons | bipolar, unipolar, and multipolar |
| Bipolar | This has two processes, on one end is an axon and the other is a dendrite. |
| Where would you find a bi-polar neuron? | will find these in the eyes, nose and ears. Very rare in the human body. |
| Unipolar | One process that divides where one end into dendrite, and the other is an axon. |
| This neuron enters the CNS or cluster in ganglia in the PNS | unipolar |
| multipolar | multiple processes with one axon and the rest are dendrites |
| Where would you find multipolar nuerons | Most commonly found in the CNS |
| Dendrites do what? | they deliver |
| What delivers? | Dendrites |
| What sends impulses AWAY? | Axons |
| Axons do what? | They send impulses AWAY |
| Nerve impulses/signals alternate between? | Axon and dendrites or vice versa |
| what is the functional classification of neurons? | Sensory (afferent), Motor (efferent) and Interneurons (association) |
| Afferent | Goes towards CNS |
| Efferent | Signals sent away from CNS |
| Which neuron classification carries impulse from PNS to CNS | Sensory (afferent) impulses |
| What type of neurons are classified as sensory? | These are mostly unipolar, but some are bipolar |
| Which neuron classification carries impulse from CNS to effectors in PNS? | Motor (Efferent) |
| What structural characteristics of sensory neurons? | They are always multipolar |
| What are the functional characteristics of inerneurons (association) | Links between other neurons from the CNS to effectors. |
| These are always multi-polar | what are the structural characteristics of interneurons? |
Created by:
Wends1984
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