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IV Therapy Basics
Test III, N101
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| IVs are started in | Veins |
| IVs are not started in | Arteries |
| A(n) _______ has: Dark red blood No pulse Superficial Semilunar valves | Vein |
| A(n) _______ has: Palpable Pulsations Bright Red Blood No semilunar valves Deeper location Thicker walls | Artery |
| Digital Basilic Cephalic Dorsal venous arch Metacarpal | Hand Vein Locations |
| Hand Veins | Superficial Veins |
| Usually last choice for IV | Feet |
| Arms with shunts, fragrant, and fistulas | Do not start IV |
| Soft, resilient, spongy | Suitable veins for IV |
| Avoid starting an Iv in veins that feel | Hard |
| If IV therapy will be longer than a week, _________ should be considered. | Central IV Line |
| LA1, RA1 | Hand |
| LA2, RA2 | Forearm |
| LA3, RA3 | Upper Arm |
| LAC, RAC | Antecubital |
| LG, RF | Foot |
| To prevent/treat fluid volume deficits & fluid/electrolyte imbalances | Purpose of IV Replacement Therapy |
| Initiate, monitor & discontinue IV therapy based on MD orders | Nurse's role in IV Therapy |
| ADH Aldosterone ANP BNP | Hormones that regulate body's water |
| Post lumpectomy, Post-mastectomy | Red Band |
| Start Date & Time IV Site Gauge of Infuser Type of Solution & rate of infusion | What to Document |
| Our bodies are | 50 - 60% water |
| Body fluids depend on | Age |
| 2/3 of body fluid is in the cells | Intracellular |
| 1/3 of body fluid is outside of cells | Extracellular |
| Fluids surrounding the cells | Interstitial |
| Fluids inside of blood vessels | Intravascular |
| Substances able to separate into simpler electrically charged molecules (ions) when dissolved in solution | Electrolystes |
| Molecule carrying electrical charge | Ion |
| Positive charged ion | Cation |
| Negative charged ion | Anion |
| Balanced Electrolytes = | Health |
| Prolonged Electrolyte Imbalances = | Illness or Disease |
| Acid-based buffer, regulated by the kidneys | Bicarbonate |
| Transmits electrical impulses (1 of Most important) | Potassium |
| Nerve impulse transmission & blood clotting | Calcium |
| Helps maintain acid-base balance (Most Common) | Phosphate |
| CHO metabolism & electrical conduction (NS) | Magnesium |
| Primary balancer of body fluid Regulates body of circulating fluids | Sodium |
| Acts with sodium to maintain the Osmotic pressure of the blood | Chloride |
| Liquids that hold a substance in a solution | Solvent |
| _________ is the body's primary solvent | Water |
| Substances that are dissolved in a solution -Electrolytes -Non-electrolytes | Solutes |
| Lesser solute concentration --> greater solute | Osmosis |
| Greater solute concentration --> lesser solute | Diffusion |
| Higher pressure --> Lower pressure (not concentration) | Filtration |
| ATP required to move from lesser concentration --> higher concentration | Active Transport |
| Fluid volume deficit | Hypovolemia |
| Fluid volume excess | Hypervolemia |
| Fluid moves from intravascular --> interstitial. Edema | Third Spacing |
| Normal Fluid distribution in EFC & IFC Compartments | 1st Space Shifting |
| Excess accumulation of interstitial fluid | 2nd Space Shifting |
| Fluid accumulation in areas that normally have little or no fluids building up | 3rd Space Shifting |
| Anasarca | Total Body Edema |
| Blood Plasma Expanders | Colloids |
| Isotonic Hypotonic Hypertonic | Crystalloids |
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