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Genetic Problems

bio lab chapter 13 defintions

QuestionAnswer
a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses Gene
having two identical alleles for a given gene Homozygous
any of the alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable phenotypic effects. Allele
having two different alleles for a given gene Heterozygous
the genetic makeup, or set of alleles, of an organism. Genotype
the first filial, or hybrid, offspring in a series of genetic crosses F1
the physical and physiological traits of an organism, which are determined by its genetic makeup Phenotype
offspring resulting from interbreeding of the hybrid F1 generation. F2
an allele whose phenotypic effect is not observed in a heterozygote Recessive
one of two or more individuals having one common parent Siblings
an allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote Dominant
child or animal in relation to its parent or parents Offspring
the situation in which the phenotypes of both alleles are exhibited in the heterozygote because both alleles affect the phenotype in separate distinguishable ways Codominant
a series of three or more alternative or allelic forms of a gene, only two of which can exist in any normal, diploid individual. Multiple alleles
breeding an organism of unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual to determine the unknown genotype. The ratio of phenotypes in the offspring reveals the unknown genotype Test cross
a gene that under certain conditions cause the death of an organism Lethal gene
the situation in which both alleles of a heterozygote influence the phenotype. Partial dominance
Created by: biancam
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