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Micro CH 11 defs

Antimicrobial Terms

QuestionAnswer
Decontamination destruction, removal, or reduction in number of undesirable microbes
sepsis The growth of microbes in tissues
Asepsis Techniques that prevent the entry of microbes into sterile tissues
Antiseptic chemicals applied to body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegitative pathogens
Disinfection Destruction of vegetative pathogens on inanimate objects
Sanitization Cleansing technique that removes microorganisms and debris from inanimate surfaces
Degermation Cleansing technique that removes microbes and debris from living tissue
Sterilization The removal or distruction of all viable microbes
Highest Resistance Prions; bacterial endospores, primarily in Bacillus and Clostridium
Moderate Resistance Protozoan cysts; some fungal sexual spores, some viruses - naked more resistant than enveloped forms
Least resistance Bacterial vegetative cells; fungal spores, and hyphae; enveloped viruses; yeasts; protozoan trophozites
germicide (microbicide) any chemical agent that kills pathogenic microorganisms (living and non-living materials)
Bacteriostatic agents prevent growth of bacterial on tissues or on objects
Microbial Death permanent loss of reporductive capability in a bacterial cell
Surfacants chemicals that work as microbial agents by lowering surgace tension of cell membrane by binding to lipid layer and penetrating internal region of cells - cell leakage
Thermal Death Time (TDT) shortest length of time reqired to kill all test microbes at a specified temp
Thermal Death Point (TDP) lowest temp required to kill all microbes in 10 minutes
Halogens antimicrobial chemical - fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine - effective
Phenols toxicity makes them too dangerous as antiseptics
Chlorhexidine chlorine and two phenolic rings - targets cm & protein structure ; bactericidal for g+ and g- but inactive agains spores-- cleaners of choice to cx MRSA in hospitals
Alcohols colorless hydrocarbons w one or more OH fx grps.. ethy and isopropyl
Hydrogen Peroxide colorles, caustic
Aldehyde formaldehyde
Gaseous Ethylene oxide explosive
quats detergents
Created by: JaeLaw23
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