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Nervous System
Stack #78328
| Nervous System Term | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nervous System | The control system of the body |
| Stimulus | Any internal or external change that brings about a response. |
| Types of External Stimuli | Noise, light, the smell of food, and the temperature of the air. |
| Types of Internal stimuli | Chemical substances such as hormones. |
| What are the two anatomical divisions of the nervous system? | 1. Central Nervous System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). |
| What does the CNS consist of? | Brain, Spinal Cord |
| What does the PNS consist of? | All of the nerves outside of the CNS, cranial nerves and spinal nerves. |
| What does the PNS connect? | The brain and spinal cord to other body parts. |
| Name the three parts of the brain. | 1. Brain stem 2. Cerebellum 3. Cerebrum |
| Cerebrum | The largest part of the brain where thinking takes place, input fromsenses are interpreted and memory is stored. |
| Cerebellum | Controls voluntary muscle movements, maintains muscle tone, and helps maintain balance. |
| Brain Stem | Located at base of brain, controls involuntary actions such as heart beat, breathing and blood pressure. |
| Spinal Cord | Carries signals from all parts of the body to the brain and from the brain to all parts of the body. |
| Vertebral column | Protects the spinal cord |
| A severe blow to the head can result in.. | Temporary or permanent loss of mental and physical abilities |
| Injury to the spine can result in.. | Paralysis..a loss of muscle movement. |
| What are the basic functional units of the nervous system? | Nerve cells or neurons. |
| How many neurons is the brain made up of? | 100 billion neurons. |
| What is a nerve cell made up of? | A cell body and branches called dendrites and axons. |
| What is a synapse? | When there is communication between the dendrite of one nerve cell and the axon of another nerve cell. |
| What happens during a synapse? | An impulse reaches the end of an axon and the axon releases a chemical, this chemical flows across the synapse and stimulates the impulse in the dendrite of the next neuron. |
| In what direction does an impulse move? | Neurons are adapted so that they move in only one direction like a relay race with the baton represented the chemical at the synapse. |
| What is a reflex? | An involuntary automatic response to a stimulus. |
| Can you control reflexes? Why? | No, you cannot control reflexes because they occur before you know what has happened. |
| What does a reflex or reflex arc allow the body to do? | It allows the body to respond without having to think about what action to take. |
| Where are reflex responses controlled? | In you spinal cord, not your brain. |
| Why does the brain act after a reflex? | The brain acts after a reflex to help you figure out what to do to make the pain stop. |
Created by:
jcarruth
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