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Ms Green Unit 3 test
climate, oceans, and topography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the difference between weather and climate? | weather is the predicted daily characteristics in an environment and climate is an average of this weather over many years |
| How do we know that the climate is warming? | We have weather data from thousands of years ago from ice cores where rocks and fossils tell the climate story and our records today do not match what has occured in previous years |
| What are some effects of a warming climate? | Melts ice and sea level rises, there is a shift in the biome, and there would be more extreme weather conditions |
| What is the difference between weather and climate? | Weather is day to day and climate is the average/typical weather conditions in an area. |
| What basis does the Koppen Classification system use to classify climates? | Annual values of temperature and precipitation |
| What are the 5 main groups of the Koppen Classification system? | Humid tropical, Humid mid-latitude (mild and severe winters), polar, dry, and highland |
| What is a climograph? | A climograph records the basic climate data of temperature and precipitation. In a humid mid latitude subtropical, there will be a large range in temp and much precipitation. |
| What are the natural factors that can cause climate change? | Plate tetonics, Ocean circulation, solar activity, volcanic eruptions, and orbital variations (milankovitch cycles) |
| How does plate tectonics cause climate change? | It changes climate by changing ocean currents and creating mountain ranges that change climate by removing CO2 from the atmosphere |
| How does orbital motions cause climate change? | It brings earth closer and farther to the sun (warmer when closer) and if changes severity in seasons by changing the tilt |
| How does ocean circulation cause climate change? | it changes the climate on a short term fluctuation scale by affecting areas so that a very dry aric place may recieve much precipitation and also the other opposite |
| How does solar activity cause climate change? | On short time scales, when there is less sunspots on the sun, earth is cooler |
| How does volcanic eruptions cause climate change? | It changes earths surface temps for a short time when the ash, dust, and sulfur reflect more sunlight and act as GHGs |
| What are the factors that affect climate types and what do they do? | Latitude increases average intensity of solar energy, Elevation makes climate cooler, topography (i.e. mts)= important to amount of precip, water bodies warm/cool air above it, atmo circulation distributes heat&moisture, Vegetation-both temp and precip |
| How is climate interconnected? | when there is one event in the world then climate in another can be affected, i.e. global warming (see next) |
| what are the impacts of raising temp on earth | rising temps at the poles-melts polar ice- increases ocean- salinity lowers- affects earths albedo- earth warms even more- sea rise effects land |
| What percent of the earth is water? | 71 % |
| What are the 2 types of ;ocean currents and what drives each? | surface currents is drivven by wind and thermohaline is driven by density |
| How does the thermohaline current affect the environment? | thermo= temp and haline= salt: two factors that influence water density, it works by being cold at the the poles and very salty from the ice being formed there so warm water must flow in a current to replace this water and the current affects climate |
| What is El nino? | wings weaken and pressure weakens so that conditions are not normals b/w south america and asia, warm water goes back to south american, and therefore asia=colder,drier and s. america = warmer, wetter |
| What is la nina? | more intense normal conditions, south america gets extremely dry and se asia gets very wet |
Created by:
korinna.garfield
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