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Upwelling+life zones
Earth science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 Mechanisms that create ocean upwelling | Wind Coriolis Effect Ekman Transport |
| Upwelling | deep water that is brought to the surface |
| How are areas of upwelling created? | by surface winds that pull water away from an area. This invites water to come up from deeper regions. |
| How is the coriolis effect able to affect the earth? | because it is not attached to the rotating Earth. N-right S-left |
| Ekman transport | Due to friction between the layers of water in the ocean and the Coriolis Effect, the net result of wind blowing across the surface of the water is transportation of a layer of water 90 degrees to the direction of the wind. |
| Types of upwelling | Equatorial Coastal Seasonal |
| Ecological and Economic effects of upwelling | more phytoplankton -> more fish -> commercial fishing jobs -> more seafood |
| Sea surface temperature maps | helps identify cool upwelled water versus hotter surface water |
| Ocean color maps | identifies areas with high phytoplankton pigment concentration (phytoplankton photosynthesize using chlorophyll) |
| What does upwelled water contain? | nutrients and dissolve gases that arn't utilized at depth because of a lack of sunlight |
| What nutrients are found in upwelled water? | nitrate, phosphate, silicate |
| What dissolved gases are found in upwelled water? | oxygen and carbon dioxide |
| When nutrients and gases reach the surface of the water... | they help to fuel photosynthesis by small algae called phytoplankton |
| How does El Nino affect upwelling? | decreases the costal winds along Peru's coast |
| Productivity (phytoplankton growth) of an area is determined by... | the rate and the duration of upwelling. |
| Plankton | Largest group of animals and plants. Float at the surface and can be found where the sun penetrates. Main food for larger organisms |
| Nekton | Ocean life that can swim, can search for food and avoid predators, found at all levels of the ocean, seals, dolphin, sharks, barracudas |
| Benthos | live on ocean floor, plants, crabs, barnacles |
| Intertidal zone | between low and high tide lines/most changeable zone, difficult to survive here, waves and tides cause a lot of movement /Anemones, crabs, mussels, seaweeds, flounder |
| Neritic Zone | Low tide line to edge of continental shelf/Sunlight penetrates, temperature constant/most rich in life with many fishing grounds/Fish, clams, snails, plants, plankton |
| Photosynthetic Zone(Light zone) | Sunlight penetrates the entire ocean to 200 m |
| Bathyal Zone | 200 m to 2000m, no sun, no plants, squid, octopus, whales |
| Abyssal Zone(dark zone) | from 2000 m to 6000 m, no sun, little food, small animals that are strange looking, very high pressure |
Created by:
elarocco
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