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AP Bio: ch. 12 & 13

QuestionAnswer
How many chromosomes do somatic cells have? 46
What are the checkpoints? G1,G2, M
Cytokinesis division of the cytoplasm
Chromatid is one copy of a chromosome
Mitosis process of the formation of the two identical daughter nuclei
What happens in mitosis? condensing of chromosomes, formation of spindle, uncoupling sister chromatids at centromere, disappearance of nucleolus
How does the MPF protein complex turn itself off? by activating an enzyme that destroys cyclin
Crossing over is exchanging chromosomal segments between what? nonsister chromatids of homologous chromosomes
During what phases of mitosis are there chromosomes composed of two chromatids? from G2 of interphase through metaphase
Nerve and muscle cells are in this phase G0
The shortest part of the cell cycle M
DNA is replicated at this time of the cell cycle S
APC does what? triggers the separation of chromatids during mitosis
Density-dependent inhibition as cells become more numerous, the amount of required growth factors and nutrients per cell becomes insufficient to allow for cell growth
Crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis? prophase I
Anchorage dependent to divide must be anchored to a substratum
Diploid cell Any cell with two sets of chromosomes (2n)
When do cyclin levels rise sharply? Throughout interphase
genome complete complement of an organism's genes
What does the MPF or maturation- promoting factor do ? it triggers the cell's passage past the g2 checkpoint to the M phase
Created by: archie125
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