Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Human Biology Test1
Includes: Active Transport, Microscopes, etc.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the Aerobic equation? | (Glucose) C6H12O2 + O2 -> (Energy) ATP + CO2 + H2O |
| What is the Anaerobic equation? | Glucose -> Energy + Lactic Acid |
| Anabolism equation is... | CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 +O2 |
| Catabolism equation is... | C6H12O6 +O2 -> ATP + CO2 + H2O |
| What type of reaction takes place in Photosynthesis? (1 term) | Anabolism |
| What type of reaction takes place in Cellular Respiration? (1 term) | Catabolism |
| What is Metabolism? | The chemical reactions occurring in the body of an organism. |
| Anabolism is the joining... | of small molecules to make larger molecules. |
| Anabolism receives energy from | an anabolic process or synthesis (not confined to living organisms). |
| Catabolism is the breaking... | down of large molecules into smaller molecules. |
| Catabolism receives energy from | a catabolic process |
| Anabolic energy example | Build up of proteins from amino acids. |
| Catabolic energy example | Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water. |
| Define Transport work... | Moving substances across cell membranes. |
| Define Mechanical work... | Supplying the energy needed for muscle contraction. It supplies energy for heart circulation and movement. |
| What are Enzymes? | Are proteins that allow chemical reactions to take place at normal body temperature. |
| Cellular respiration is one of the most important metabolic processes in any cell. Explain this process... | Organic molecules, taken in as food, are broken down in the cells, uptake of materials from the surroundings etc. |
| Respiration word equation is... | Glucose + O2 --> CO2 + H2O + Energy |
| Remaining energy from cellular respiration is used to form a compound called... (full name and abbreviated) | Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) |
| ATP is formed when... | An inorganic phosphate group is joined to a molecule of Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP). |
| ATP stores energy energy is released when ATP breaks down to... | ADP |
| The first phase in the breakdown of Glucose is called... | Glycolysis |
| Three athletic events classified as aerobic events: | Jogging, Swimming and Aerobic Dancing. |
| Oxygen debt is when someone has consumed oxygen at a rate... | faster than it can be replaced. |
| Two limiting factors for humans when producing energy is... | Availability of Oxygen, availability of appropriate fuel. |
| A nutrient is any substance in our food that is used for... | Growth, repair or maintaining the body or any substance required for metabolism. |
| Pyurvic Acid occurs naturally in the body and... | is an end product of the metabolism of sugar or starch. |
| The five levels of organisation in the body is... | Cell -> Tissue -> Organ -> System -> Body |
| What are three differences between animal and plant cells? | Plant cells have chloroplasts unlike animal cell. Plant cells have a cell wall unlike animal cells. Animal cells have a lot of lysosomes unlike plant cells. |
| Mitochondria | Powerhouse of the cell. Involved in ATP production. Energy-producing chemical reactions take place on cristae. |
| Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum | Tubular network. Lacks ribosomes.Stores, separates and serves as cells transport system. |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | Ribosomes embedded in surface. Stores, separates and serves as cells transport system. |
| Nucleus | Spherical organelles that is the cells control centre. |
| Golgi Body | Protein packaging plant. A membrane structure found near the nucleus. Composed of numerous layers (sac). |
| Lysosome | Digestive 'plant' for proteins, lipids and carbs. Transports undigested material to cell membrane. |
| Cell membrane | Controls the movement of nutrients and waste in and out of the cell (semi-permiable). |
| Cell wall | Surrounds plasma membrane. Commonly found in Plant Cells. |
| Chloroplast | A placid usually found in the plant cell. Green chlorophyll (photosynthesis). |
| Vacuole | Storage, digestion, and waste removal. Contains water solution. |
| What is DIffusion? | A passive process resulting from the random movement of ions and molecules and is the spreading out of particles so that they are evenly distributed over the space available. |
| Energy required for Diffusion | Kinetic energy from the environment but does not require cellular energy. Therefore it is a form of passive transport. |
| Example of Diffusion | The exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen between the alveoli in the lungs and the blood. |
| What is Osmosis? | (Type of diffusion) The diffusion of water across a permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration. |
| Energy required for Osmosis | Does not require any cellular energy but just kinetic energy related on either side of the membrane. |
| Example of Osmosis | Animal cells have no cell wall to stop them swelling. So if they are placed in pure water, they take in water by Osmosis until they burst. |
| What is Phagocytosis? | The process by which a cell engulfs particles such as bacteria, and other microorganisms, in the bloodstream and tissues. The process by which a cell surrounds, and takes in solid particles. |
| Phagocytosis might be attracted to... | a particle like a bacteria or virus by chemical attractant. |
| What is Pinocytosis? | The ingestion of liquid into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane. |
| What is Active Transport? | Is the pumping of molecules or ions through a membrane against their concentration gradient. |
| Energy required for Active Transport | Requires energy from respiration (ATP). |
| Example of Active Transport | The thyroid gland cells bring in iodine for use in producing hormones. |
| What is Exocytosis? | Is a process in which an intracellular vesicle (membrane bounded sphere) moves to the plasma membrane and subsequent fusion of the vesicular membranes and plasma ensues. |
| Example of Exocytosis | Secretion of proteins like enzymes, hormones and antibodies from cells. |
| Chromosomes | Contains genetic information and composed of DNA |
| Nuclear membrane | The double-layered membrane enclosing the nucleus of a cell. Also called nuclear envelope. |
| Centrioles | Involved in cellular division |
| Ribosomes | 'Protein factories' |
| Nucleolus | Contains RNA for protein manufacture. Spherical shape. |
| What is a hypothesis? | A brief statement that can be proved or disaproved by an experiment. |
| Why do we repeat experiments? | To have confidence in the results. |
| Why is a Placebo used in an experiment? | To control the problem of an uncontrolled variable. |
| Define: Independent variable | Variable you change in an experiment. |
| Define: Dependent variable | Is what you measure in an experiment. |
| Define: Controlled variable | These variables must be kept constant. |
| Define: A Control | Functions the exact same way, every time. |
| Define: Uncontrolled | Is a characteristic that you allow to stay random during the sampling. |
Created by:
Victoria28
Popular Biology sets