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DNA details
History of DNA, DNA replication, DNA and Genes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did early scientists believe that protein was the genetic material of the cell? | They thought that, because it is more complex than DNA |
| What are proteins made of? (hint...there are 20 different kinds) | amino acids |
| What do long chains of amino acids make up? | Polypeptide chains |
| What type of bacteria did Fred Griffith work with? | Virulent S and nonvirulent R strain and pneumoccous bacteria |
| What is the process of picking up DNA from the environment called? | Transformation |
| Did Griffith's experiment prove DNA wwas the genetic material | yes |
| What 2 main things make up chromosomes? | DNA and Protein |
| What did Hershey and Chase use in their experiments to prove DNA was the cell's genetic material? | They used a blender to separate the empty bacteria phages with the bacteria |
| which radioactive substance was injected into and took over the host cell's DNA? | Radioactive 32p was injected into bacteria |
| What scientist showed the amount of the 4 nitrogen bases present in DNA? | Erwin Chargoff |
| Name the bases and their amounts found in somatic or body cells of humans. | Adenine=30.3% Thymine=30.3% Guanine=19.5% Cytosine=19.9% |
| What bases are complementary (pair with each other) on DNA? | Adenine must pair with thymine, Guanine must pair with Cytosine |
| What type of bonds join base pairs on DNA? | The bases form weak hydrogen bonds |
| Are these strong or weak bonds? | weak |
| What was Rosalind Franklin's contribution to finding dnA's structure? | Took diffraction x-ray photographs of DNA crystals |
| Ho built the first model of DNA an what did they use to help get the correct measurements for the molecule? | Watson and Crick took Franklin's x-ray pictures and they won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry on Feb 28th, 1953 |
| What is DNA's two coil strand form known as? | A double helix |
| hat makes up the sdes of a DNA molecule> | Sides are made of a pentose sugar deoxyribose bonded to phosphate (PO4) groups by phosphorolester bonds |
| here are the nitrogen bases found on DNA and how are they bonded? | center made of nitrogen bases bonded together by weak hydrogen bonds |
| What was Rosalind Franklin's contribution to finding DNA's structure? | Took diffraction x-ray photographs of DNA crystals |
| Who built the first model of DNA and what did they use to help get the correct measurements for the molecule? | Watson and Crick on Feb 28, 1953 took Franklin's x-ray pictures |
| DNA is two coiled strands known as a.... | Double Helix |
| What makes up the sides of a DNA molecule? | Sides are made of a Pentose sugar (deoxyribose) bonded to phosphate (PO4) groups |
| What bonds the deoxyribose sugars to the phosphate groups? | Phosphodiester bonds |
| Where are the nitrogen bases found on DNA and how are they bonded? | Center is made of nitrogen bases bonded together by weak hydrogen bonds |
| What make up DNA? | Nucleotides |
| Name the three parts of nucleotide. | Phosphate group, 5-Carbon Sugar, Nitrogenous base |
| What are the two names for double ring nitrogen bases are called what? | Purines and pyrimidines |
| Name the two purines. | Adenine and Guanine |
| Name the two pyrimidines | Cytosine and Thymine |
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