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Chpt_7_Respiration

Vocabular from Chapter 7 of Holt Modern Biology: Cellular Respiration

QuestionAnswer
Cellular respiration The complex process in which cells make adenosine triphosphate by breaking down organic compounds
Glycolysis The process by which organic compounds are converted into three carbon molecules of pyruvic acid, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH
NADH An electron carrier molecule used in glycolysis
Pyruvic acid A three carbon molecule formed from glycolysis
Anaerobic A process that does not require oxygen
Aerobic respiration A process in which pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make large amount of ATP; this process requires oxygen
NAD+ Stands for nicotinamine adenine dinucletide; an organic molecule that accepts electrons during redox reactions
Fermentation The combination of glycolysis and additional anaerobic pathways that regenerate NAD+
Lactic acid fermentation A process in which pyruvic acid is converted into another three-carbon compound called lactic acid
Alcoholic fermentation A process which converts pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol
Kilocalories A measure of energy; equal to 1000 calories
Mitochondrial matrix The space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion
Acetyl CoA The two-carbon compound that enters the Kreb's cycle; formed from pyruvic acid and coenzyme A
Oxaloacetic acid A four-carbon compound that combines with acetyl-CoA to form citric acid
Citric acid A six-carbon compound formed from acetyl CoA and oxaloacetic acid used in the Kreb's cycle
FAD Flavin adenine dinucleotide; acts as an electron acceptor during the Kreb's cycle
Created by: SavioScience
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