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Cell Introduction

FLAHERTY: Cell Introduction

QuestionAnswer
CELL The basic unit of life
CELL THEORY All living things are composed of cells
CELL THEORY Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
CELL THEORY New cells are produced from existing cells
ORGANELLE In the cytoplasm; has a specific structure and function; membrane-bound
CHROMATIN In the nucleus; DNA and its associated protein
RIBOSOMES Protein manufacturing occurs here
NUCLEUS The "brain" of the cell; contains the genetic material
PLASMA MEMBRANE Double-layered; surrounds the cell; the "door man" for the cell
LYSOSOMES Contain enzymes that hydrolyze macromolecules for the cell to then use
CELL WALL Surrounds a cell and maintains its shape and rigidity
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM "Assembly line" of the cell for protein synthesis and transporting materials in general
SMOOTH E.R. Does not have ribosomes; transports materials through the cell
ROUGH E.R. Does have ribosomes; location of protein synthesis; transports materials through the cell
GOLGI BODY / APPARATUS "Post Office" for the cell; sort and package materials from the E.R. and ships them
CENTRIOLE In the cytoplasm of animal cells; involved with cellular reproduction; occur in pairs
CHLOROPHYLL Pigment that captures light energy
CHLOROPLAST Structure that contains chlorophyll; where photosynthesis occurs
CYTOPLASM Organelles float in this; material inside cell but outside the nucleus
MITOCHONDRIA "Powerhouse" of the cell; cellular respiration occurs here; chemical energy in food is converted into ATP for the cells to use
NUCLEOLUS Small region inside the nucleus where ribosomes are made
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE / MEMBRANE Protects and surrounds the nucleus
CYTOSKELETON Network of protein filaments; maintains cell shape; involved with cell movement
CENTRAL VACUOLE Large structure that stores materials and wastes for the cell
STROMA Inside chloroplasts; fluid with enzymes used in photosynthesis
CRISTAE Formed by folds of inner membrane of mitochondria; short projections
VESICLE Small membrane-bound sac that stores substances in a cell
GRANA Stacks of chlorophyll-containing thylakoids in a chloroplast
THYLAKOID Inside grana; its membrane contains chlorophyll
PROKARYOTE Do not have a nucleus; do not have membrane-bound organelles
EUKARYOTE Does have a nucleus; animal and plant cells
Created by: dentine
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