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BioMECH-Chapter 4-6
BIOMECH-Chapter 4-6
| Word | Definition |
|---|---|
| stiffness | ability to resist |
| cortical bone | compact mineralized bone with low porosity |
| trabecular bone | less compact bone with high porosity |
| Wolff's Law | the densities, and to a lesser extent, the sizes and shapes of bones are determined by the magnitude and direction of the acting forces |
| synarthroses joints | immoveable |
| sutures | in skull |
| amphiarthroses joints | slightly moveable |
| diathroses (synovial)joints | moveable |
| gliding | non-axial (carpals, tarsals) |
| hinge | biaxial (elbow) |
| pivot | uniaxial (vertabrae) |
| condyloid | biaxial (fingers) |
| saddle | biaxial (thumb) |
| ball and socket | triaxial (hip) |
| active stretching | produced by active development of tension in the antagonist muscles |
| passive stretching | produced by a force other than tension in the antagonist muscles |
| parallel elastic component | passive elasticity derived from muscle membranes |
| series elastic component | passive elasticity derived from tendons when a tensed muscle is stretched |
| concentric | shortening |
| eccentric | lengthening |
| isometric | no change |