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A&S Reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reproduction | the process through which organisms produce offspring |
| Binary Fission | a form of asexual reproduction in which a cell splits into two parts in such a way that each part recieves one copy of the DNA |
| Mitosis | the process through which a nucleus divides in two in such a way that each new cell recieves a complete set of chromosomes |
| Asexual Reproduction | the production of offspring in which only one parent is required and the offspring are identical to the parent |
| Sexual Reproduction | reproduction in which two parent cells join together to form a new individual with a genetic makeup that is different from either parent |
| Meiosis | a process of cell division in sexually reproducing oganisms that divides in half the number of chromosomes in reproductive cells |
| Homologous Chromosomes | chromosmes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic material |
| Allele | a gene that controls an alternative form of a genetic trait |
| Dominant | an allele that is expressed even if a different, recessive allele for the same trait is also inherited |
| Recessive | an allele that is not expressed when another, dominant allele for that trait is present |
| Homozygous | an organism that has an identical pair of alleles for a trait |
| Heterozygous | an organism that has different alleles for a trait |
| Genotype | the alleles for a trait that an organism inherits from its parents |
| Phenotype | a characteristic exhibited by an organism as a result of its genotype |
| Purebred | an organism that has identical alleles for a particular trait |
| Law of Segregation | describes the dividing of alleles from each parent into seperate gametes |
| Law of Independant Assortment | states that genes for traits found on different chromosomes seperate independently |
| Testcross | a deliberate genetic cross that can be used to determine if an animal or plant is homozygous or heterozygous for a particular trait |
| Incomplete Dominance | the phenomenon in which one allele is not completely dominant |
| Codominance | the phenomenon in which both alleles contribute to a phenotype |
| Multiple Alleles | three or more alleles of the same gene |
| Polygenic Trait | a trait that is controlled by more than one gene |
| Genetics | the study of how characteristics are transferred from parent to offspring |
| Punnett Square | a diagram used to identify possible combinations of dominant and recessive alleles in offsping |
Created by:
ryanoakley
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