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UOP Microbiology

Lecture 21: Viral Diseases II

QuestionAnswer
Aedes aegypti insect that can transmit disease such as Yellow Fever
Epstein Barr Virus infectious mononucleosis = "kissing disease" enveloped, icosahedral dsDNA herpesvirus; infects B-lymphocytes can lead to rupturing of spleen
Downey cells swollen lymphocytes; many of these found as symptom of EBV
Monospot slide test A test to diagnose infectious mononucleosis serum + guinea pig tissue + horse erythrocytes --> positive reaction shows agglutination
Heterophile Antibody appears as a consequence of B-cell infection and can be used to diagnose mono
Burkitt's Lymphoma EBV connected with this in E. Africa, nasopharyngeal carcinoma in S.China Symptoms: chronic fatigue, MS (multiple sclerosis = attacks myelin sheath of nerves)
Hepatitis A (HAV) Picornaviridae family (+)ssRNA, no envelope, icosahedral (heparnavirus) inflammation of liver; transmitted through contamination of water, fecal-oral
Symptoms of HAV Incubation time is short (~2-4 weeeks) Initial-anorexia, nausea, vomitting, low-grade fever, abdominal pain, and GI problems Then-jaundice
Treatment of HAV don't have liver work too hard; no alcohol, no fried foods
bilirubin buildup caused by RBC breakdown leads to jaundice
jaundice Too many red blood cells are dying or breaking down and going to the liver yellow skin/eyes
Hepatitis B (HBV) hepadnavirus enveloped, ssDNA + dsDNA associated with liver cancer which is difficult to cure
Transmission of HBV infected body fluids contact breaks in the skin or mucous membrane, infected needs, sexual intercourse (STD), birth (from infected mother)
Symptoms of HBV more severe than HAV; incubation time is long (4-6 weeks) Initial-anorexia, fatigue, taste changes Then-dark urine, weird colored stools, jaundice
hepatocarcinoma chronic liver infection that can possibly result from HBV
Dane particle complete infectious virion of HBV
Spherical particle no ability to replicate (empty), acts as decoys and diminishes immune system
Filamentous particle no ability to replicate (empty), acts as decoys and diminishes immune system
Neurotropic Viral Diseases Viruses more readily cross the blood-brain barrier Viral infectious of the NS occur more frequently than bacterial and fungal infection Ex) West Nile Virus and Rabies Virus
Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever from Ebola virus, ssRNA filovirus
Symptoms of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever massive internal bleeding, blood spurts from patients, organs turn into liquid
Pathogenicity of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Two glycoproteins: Bind/enter into epithelial cells of veins/arteries (viral replication weakens blood vessels, leakage results) Attachment to neturophils (limits phagocytosis, immune response)
West Nile Fever Flaviviridae family (+)ssRNA, icosahedral, enveloped virus transmitted by mosquitoes; virus corsses blood/brain barrier (encephalitis/meningitis)
Rabies Virus Rhabdoviridae family (-)ssRNA,helical, enveloped w/ spikes, 5 genes Transmitted by fluid of infected animal
Pathogenicity of Rabies virus Virus travels from muscle tissue to PNS to CNS (spinal cord to brain) and to salivary glands + other organs
Symptoms of Rabies Virus muscle spasms, paralysis of pharyngeal muscles, hydrophobia, inability to swallow, death from respiratory paralysis
Furious rabies dogs (excitable, restless)
Dumb rabies cats (lethargic, docile)
human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) vaccine administered after the rabies virus has entered body; this is possible because incubation period for rabies takes awhile
Viscerotropic viral disease attack guts, affect small/large intestines, spleen, liver, blood
Yellow Fever Flaviviridae family (+)ssRNA, icosahedral, enveloped virion arbovirus; virus --> lymph nodes (multiplies) --> spleen, liver, kidney, heart (hemorrhaging)
Created by: acho4
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