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Chapter 7/8 Vocab
Chapter 7/8 Vocabulary Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the material | physical property |
| Molten rock material that exists at or above Earth's surface | lava |
| Force applied over a given area | pressure |
| A material that provides useful energy | fuel |
| A solid material that is generally hard, shiny, pliable and a good electrical conductor | metal |
| Inorganic, solid material found in nature that always has the same chemical makeup, atoms arranged in an orderly pattern | mineral |
| solid inorganic material that is usually made of two or more minerals | rock |
| solid material with atoms arranged in a repeating pattern | crystal |
| rare, valuable mineral that can be cut and polished | gem |
| material that contains enough of a useful metal that it can be mined and sold at a profit | ore |
| intrusive or extrusive rock that is produced when melted rock from inside Earth cools and hardens | igneous rock |
| describes igneous rocks that have small or no crystals and form when melted rock cools quickly on Earth's surface | extrusive |
| describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface | intrusive |
| a type of rock made from pieces of other rocks, dissolved minerals, or plant and animal matter that collect to form rock layers | sedimentary rock |
| new rock that forms when existing rock is heated and squeezed | metamorphic rock |
| diagram that shows the slow, continuous process of rocks changing from one type to another | rock cycle |
| nonrenewable energy resource, such as oil and coal, formed oever millions of years from the remains of dead plants and other organisms | fossil fuel |
| sedimentary rock formed from decayed plant material; the world's most abundant fossil fuel | coal |
| liquid fossil fuel formed from marine organisms that is burned to obtain energy and used to manufacture of plastics | oil |
| fossil fuel formed from marine organisms that is often found in tilted or folded rock layers and is used for heating and cooking | natural gas |
| amount of a fossil fuel that can be extracted from Earth at a profit using current technologies | reserve |
| resources from which metals are obtained | mineral resources |
| conservation method in which old materials are processed to make new ones | recycling |
| describes metamorphic rocks with visible layers of minerals | foliated |
| describes metamorphic rocks that lack distinct layers or bands. | nonfoliated |
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