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Reproduction
Sexual and Asexual reproduction
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sex cells | Gametes |
| Haploid | a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes |
| Diploid | a cell that contains both sets of chromosomes from each parent |
| Somatic Cells | Body cells (all other cells in the body except for the gametes |
| 2 cells are produced | Mitosis |
| 4 cells are produced | Meiosis |
| Cells are genetically identical | Mitosis |
| Cells are genetically different | Meiosis |
| Diploid Cells | Mitosis |
| Haploid cells | Meiosis |
| How asexually organisms produce a new organism | Mitosis |
| How sexually reproducing organisms produce gametes | Meiosis |
| Sexual Reproduction | 2 cells, 1 from each parent, unite to form the 1st cell of the new organism |
| Asexual Reproduction | new organism has a single parent |
| Fragmentation | planarians-the body of the parent breaks into pieces, each of which can produce an offspring |
| Budding | hydra-one or more individuals are formed from the original , the offspring growing out of the body of the parent |
| Regeneration | sea stars-organisms can lose a body part and can grow a replacement part |
| The 3 main types of sexual reproduction | Budding, Regeneration, Fragmentation |
| Cancer | uncontrolled cell growth which forms tumors which can cause damage to nearby healthy tissue which leads to normal cell activities being disrupted which means the whole body suffers |
| Benign | more likely to be harmless because it usually doesn't spread |
| Malignant | cancer cells that spread through the body; more likely to cause harm |
| Cyclins | group of proteins in eukaryotic cells that help control the timing of the cell cycle |
| Male Gametes | Sperm |
| Female Gametes | Eggs |