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BIO 111 Fetal pig
fetal pig anatomy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cranial or anterior | end of the animal is the head end |
| the caudal or posterior end | is the tail end |
| Stomach | releases compounds important for digestion including hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen. Muscular contractions of the stomach mechanically break up food and mix the food and digestive compounds. Stomach contents can be retained within the stomach when cont |
| Duodenum | the first portion of the small intestine. Digestive fluids from the liver and pancreas are emptied into the duodenum |
| Pyloric sphincter | the valve between the stomach and the duodenum. It is not labeled on the figures, but you can locate it by pushing on the border between the stomach and duodenum with a blunt probe or your finger. You will feel a harder area—that is the pyloric sphincter. |
| Liver | the largest organ in the abdominal cavity. The liver produces bile salts, small lipids that assist in the breakdown of fats. Bile salts are secreted in a solution called bile |
| Gall bladder | a saclike organ on the underside of the liver. Bile produced in the liver is stored in the gall bladder. |
| common bile duct | carries bile from the gall bladder into the duodenum |
| Pancreas | a whitish organ with a granular texture located under the stomach. It secretes enzymes important in digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, as well as the hormone insulin. |
| Jejunum | the portion of the small intestine following the duodenum. Nutrients and water are absorbed as digested material passes through the jejunum. |
| Ileum | the portion of the small intestine following the jejunum (located next to the cecum). Nutrients and water are absorbed as digested material passes through the ileum. |
| Cecum | a sack-like pocket of the intestine. In omnivores (like humans and pigs) and carnivores, it doesn’t play an important role in digestion. In many herbivores, bacteria located in the cecum break down cellulose and other plant material. |
| Colon (large intestine) | by the time material reaches the colon, most nutrients have been absorbed. In the colon, additional water is reabsorbed. Anus |
| Anus | posterior opening of the digestive tract. Undigested food material passes out through the anus as feces. |
| Right atrium | This chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood coming from the body and passes it on to the right ventricle |
| Right ventricle | This chamber pumps blood to the lungs |
| Pulmonary artery | Blood from the right ventricle passes into the pulmonary artery on its way to the lungs |
| Left atrium | This chamber receives oxygenated blood coming from the lungs and passes it to the left ventricle |
| Left ventricle | This chamber pumps blood which has passed through the lungs out to the rest of the body |
| Coronary vessels | These arteries and veins provide blood to the heart |
| Aorta | Oxygenated blood from the left ventricle passes into the aorta |
| Branchiocephalic artery | This artery carries oxygenated blood to the right front leg and upper right portion of the body and to the head |
| Left subclavian artery | This artery carries oxygenated blood to the left front leg and upper left portion of the body |
| The ductus arteriosus | can be found on your pig’s heart by finding the place where the pulmonary artery connects to the aorta. |
| Trachea | This a long tube reinforced with cartilaginous rings to prevent collapse as the pig inhales |
| Larynx | It is an oval-shaped structure at the opposite end of the trachea from the heart |
| Thyroid gland | This oval, brown gland produces the hormone thyroxine, which regulates the growth rate and metabolic rate of the pig, and also the hormone cacitonin, which lowers blood calcium levels. |
| Thymus gland | This gland is grey or beige with a grainy texture. Lobes of the thymus are found on either side of the thyroid gland. The thymus produces the hormone thymosin, which stimulates development of the immune system |
| Kidneys | These are large, bean-shaped organs that lie along the dorsal surface of the abdominal cavity |
| Ureters | The ureters carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
| Urinary bladder | The fetal pig eliminates wastes through the umbilical cord |
| Urethra | Find the urethra at the point that it attaches to the urinary bladder |
| cortex | The outer section of the kidney |
| medulla | The middle section of the kidney |
| renal pelvis | collects the waste filtered from the blood |
| the oviducts when ovulation occurs | Fertilization normally occurs in the oviducts |
| The pig uterus is divided into 2 horns of the uterus and the body of the uterus | Pigs can have large litters—up to 14 piglets—so they need a lot of space in the uterus for the developing piglets |
| The uterus | ataches to the vagina. holds piglets |
| urethra and vagina | meet and lead into a common chamber called the urogenital sinus |
| Testes | are bean-shaped structures. Sperm are produced within them |
| epididymis | are masses of coiled tubules curved around the testes. Sperm are stored there |
| ductus deferens | where sperm travels towards the urethra |
| bulbourethral gland | contributes fluid to the semen |
| penis | male reproductive organ in which sperm andurine travels through the urethra and penis |
Created by:
bessonetts
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