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pharm6,7,8
test on Sulfonamides, Penicillins, and Cephalosporins
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Natural remedy to prevent UTIs | cranberry juice |
| Ulcerative colitis and sulfonamides…what to inspect regularly | relief or intensification of the symptoms of the disease; inspect stool samples for change in number and appearance |
| Mafenide reactions | pain or burning sensation, rash, itching, facial edema |
| Steven-Johnson Syndrome | rare, serious disorder in which your skin and mucous membranes react severely to a medication or infection; flu-like symtoms and then red or purplish rash |
| Effects of antibiotics to anticoagulants | increased action of the anticoagulant |
| photosensitivity treatments | where protective clothing and sunscreen when outside |
| Geriatics and fluid increase for continence is a must! | fluid intake up to 2000mL(if the older adult can tolerate this amount |
| Azulfidine proper administration. Food or no food? | with food or immediately after a meal |
| Sulfonamide teaching plans | take as prescribe, on empty stomach, with water, 8-10 glasses of fluid daily, urine may turn orange-yellow; photosensitiviy; report adverse reactions; complete full tx; keep follow-up appointments |
| Reactions of silver sulfadiazine | burning rash and itching |
| bacterias treated with sulfonamides | Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter species |
| sulfonamides treat what? | infections such as: UTIs, Ulcerative colitis, infections in sencond- and third-degree burns |
| bactrim DS reactions | headache, GI disturbances, allergic skin reactions, hematologic changes, SJS, anorexia, glossitis(inflammation of the tongue) |
| hematological changes and sulfasalazine | skin or urine may turn orange-yellow |
| patients contraindicated for sulfonamides | hypersensitivy, lactating, children younger than 2 years old, end of pregnancy clients; or for infections caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci |
| fungal superinfections | candidiasis or moniliais (s&s include lesions of the mouth or tongue, vaginal discharge, and anal or vaginal itching |
| preadmission assessments prior to antibiotic administration | assess general appearance, vital signs, info on symtoms and length of time of symptoms, self-remedies, review results of tests |
| birth-control and antibiotics | decreased effectiveness of contraceptive |
| bloody stools..what do you do? | save a sample of the stool and test for occult blood using a test such as Hemoccult; if positive save sample for further lab analysis |
| adverse reactions to PCN | GI system: glossitis(tongue), stomatitis(mouth)/dry mouth, gastritis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain; Hypersensitivity reactions: allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock, superinfections: pseudomembranous colitis, fungal and yeast infections |
| what severe adverse reactions may occur from beta-adrenergic and PCN | may increase the risk for an anaphylactic reaction |
| categories of PCN | natural penicillins, penicillinase-resistant penicillans, aminopenicillans, and extended-spectrum penicillins |
| cephalosporins treat? | infection with almost all of the strains of bacteria that have become resistant to penicillin |
| nephrotoxity in cephalosporins in combo with other drugs | aminoglycosides,(anti-infective); (nephrotoxicity is damage to the kidneys by a toxic substance) |
| PCN and cephalosporin relationship | cephalosporins are structurally and chemically related to PCN; about 10% of those allergic to PCN are also allergic to cephalosporin |
| blood creatinine and renal impairment while on antibiotics | if renal impairment is present, a lower dosage; blood creatinine levels greater than 4mg/dL indicate serious renal impairment |
| rough clothes and skin breakdown. Ways to prevent | avoid rubbing area, rough or irritating clothes, harsh soaps and perfumed lotions; use emolients, antipyretic creams, or a prescribed topical corticosteroid |
| storage of powdered cephalosporin | keep refrigerated |
| superinfection symptoms | diarrhea or bloody diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fever and abdominal cramping; lesions of mouth and tongue, vaginal discharge, and anal or vaginal itching; yeast infection |
| cephalosporin contraindications | allergy to cephalosporin or PCN; used cautiously with renal disese, hepatic impairment, bleeding disorder, and pregnancy |
| serious reactions caused by cephalosporins | nephrotoxicity, SJS, hepatic and renal dysfunction, aplastic anemia, and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) |
| what is perioperative procedure | cephalosporins may be used during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative preiods to prevent infection |
Created by:
laotracuata
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