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stack10/impact

stack10/Impact of Genomics

QuestionAnswer
Selective Breeding a method of breeding that allows only those organisms with desired characteristics to produce the next generation
Hybridization a breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together the best traits of both organisms
Inbreeding the continued breeding of individuals with similar characteristics to maintain the derived characteristics of a kind of organisms
Biotechnology the process of manipulating the organisms, cells, or molecules to produce specific products
Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR) the technique used by biologist to make many copies of a particular gene
Recombinant DNA DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources
Plasmid small, circular piece of DNA located in the cytoplasm of many bacteria
Transgenic term used to refer to an organism that contains genes from other organisms
Clone member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell
Gene therapy a process of changing a gene to treat a medical disease or disorder. an absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal working gene
DNA microarray the glass slide or silicon chip that carries thousands of different kinds of single-stranded DNA fragments arranges in a grid
DNA fingerprinting a tool used by biologist to determine whether two samples of genetic material are from the same person
Forensics the scientific study of crime scene evidence
Human Genome Project were attempting to identify all of the approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA and find the sequences of the 3 billion chemical base pairs that make up human DNA.
Molecular medicine involves the diagnosis and treatment of different genetic diseases
Microbial genomics involves the use of genetically engineered bacteria for bioremediation, pollutant detection, the production of biofuels, and more
Bioarchaeology and anthropology involves the study of human evolution and migration
DNA forensics involves the use of DNA to help solve crimes, including the use of a DNA fingerprint
Agricultural genetic engineering involves the genetic engineering of pest- or drought-resistant crops, healthier farm animals, biopesticides, crops containing life-saving vaccines, and more
restriction enzymes an enzyme that cuts DNA at a sequence of nucleotides
gel electrophoresis a procedure used to analyze DNA fragments by placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an electrical voltage to the gel
bioinformatics the application of mathematics and computer science to store, retrieve, and analyze biological data
genomics the study of whole genomes, including genes and their functions
WHEN WAS THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT COMPLETE? 2003
Created by: veronicanunez
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