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Inheritance
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are genes? | Unique segments of an organism's DNA that produce a particular functional product |
| What are traits? | Aspects of life |
| What are genetics? | The study of how genetic traits are inherited |
| What is genetic variation? | Differences in traits among individuals |
| What are alleles? | Alternative forms of a particular gene |
| What is the genotype? | The genetic makeup of an organism |
| What is the phenotype? | The visible traits that we can observe as a result of these alleles |
| Different alleles for a particular gene locus can be? | Dominant, recessive, or intermediate |
| Dominant alleles does what? | Mask recessive alleles |
| What is heterozygous? | If an allele has one dominant letter and one recessive letter |
| What is homozygous? | Has two copies of the same allele |
| What is the rule of segregation? | Says that each allele present in a parent will be segregated away from the other during gamete formation allowing one or the other allele to be inherited in an offspring but not both |
| The rule of segregation can be demonstrated using what? | A Punnett Square |
| What is a test cross? | A test you can do if you don't know the genotype of a parent |
| What is the rule of independent assortment? | When the gene loci under study are not genetically linked to one other you can can examine it |
| What is the monohybrid cross? | Performed to examine the genotypes when only one trait is under study |
| What is a dilhybrid cross? | Can be performed when two traits are under study at the same time |
| What is incompletely dominant? | A phenotype that is intermediate between the two allelic traits can be performed |
| What is codominance? | An alternate form of intermediate trait |
| What are multiple alleles? | More than two different alleles present in varying amounts in a given population |
| What is polygenic inheritance? | More than one gene locus has a similar and additive effect on the same trait |
| What is a pedigree? | A phenotypic family tree helps in the study of gene expression and heredity in humans |
| What is a mutation? | A change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genetic material |
| Mutations can be caused by what? | Viruses, exposure to radiation or chemical mutagens, or copying errors made during cell division |
Created by:
rodneymcgilveary
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