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Scientists-History

Test 3

QuestionAnswer
Friedrich Miescher (1868) discovered nuclein (nucleic acid)
Frederick Griffith (1928) Transformation; suggested that DNA might be genetic material
George Beadle* and Edward Tatum* (1940) Used ascomycete Neurospora crassa to formulate One gene, one enzyme/polypeptide hypothesis
Barbara McClintock* and Harriet Creighton discovered “jumping genes” (transposons) in maize
Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, Colin MacLeod (1944) “Transforming agent” was DNA
Findings of Erwin Chargaff (1949) [A]= [T] and [G]=[C], but [A+T]ǂ[G+C]
Alfred Hershey* and Martha Chase (1952) Bacteriophage and blender expt. suggested DNA as genetic material
Maurice Wilkins* and Rosalind Franklin (1952) X-ray diffraction of DNA
James Watson* and Francis Crick* (1953) molecular model of DNA as double helix
Severo Ochoa*and Marianne Grunberg-Manago (1955) discover polynucleotide phosphorylase, which adds bases to RNA
Paul Zamecnik (1950s) discovered ribosomes
Mahlon Hoagland, Paul Zamecnik and Francis Crick* (1950s) describe translation
Mathew Meselson* and Franklin Stahl (1957) DNA replicates semi-conservatively
Arthur Kornberg*, IR Lehrman, MJ Bessman, and Ernest S. Simms (1957) Discover DNA polymerase III as enzyme involved in DNA replication
Francis Crick* (1957) coined “Central dogma”
Carl Woese, Francis Crick*, and Leslie Orgel (1960s) propose life started with RNA and evolved to DNA
Marshall Mirenberg* and Heinrich Matthaei (1961) describe triplet genetic code
H. Gobind Khorana* (1966) Assigned triplet codons to individual amino acids
Howard Temin* and David Baltimore* (1970) independently discover viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase)
Thomas Cech* and Sid Altman* (1982) discover autocatalytic processes in RNA
Created by: 100000007429517
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