hyphae (singular, hypha)

The slender filaments that make up the bulk of most fungi.

A web of fungal hyphae that makes up the major part of a fungus.

Phase during a life cycle, common in fungi, in which single cells contain two haploid nuclei.

A reproductive cell that can develop into a new organism without fusing with another reproductive cell. (The term spore also refers to a dormant, stress-resistant form of a bacterial or fungal cell.)

A composite organism composed of a fungus and either algae or photosynthesizing bacteria.

Associations of plant roots and fungal hyphae. The fungal hyphae absorb minerals, growth hormones, and water that are then available to the plant, and the fungus gets carbohydrates from the photosynthesizing plant.

A relatively thick layer of material that forms the periphery of plant, bacterial, and fungal cells.

alteration of generations

A life-cycle practiced by plants, in which successive plant generations alternate between the diploid sporophyte condition and the haploid gametophyte condition.

gametophyte generation

The generation in a plant's life cycle that produces gametes (sperm or egg). This generation is microscopic in angiosperms contrast with sporophyte generation.

sporophyte generation

The spore-producing plant generation. This generation is the dominant, visible generation in flowing plants. Contrast with gametophyte generation.

seedless vascular plant

A plant that has a vascular (fluid transport) structure but does not reproduce through use of seeds. One of the four principle varieties of plants. Ferns are the most familiar example.

A reproductive structure in plants that includes a plant embryo, its food supply, and a tough protective casing.

A seed plant whose seeds do not develop within fruit. One of the four principle varieties of plants, gymnosperms reproduce through wind-aided pollination. Coniferous trees, such as pine and fir, are the most familiar examples.

A flowering seed plant whose seeds are enclosed within the tissue called fruit. Angiosperms are the most dominant and diverse of the four principle types of plants. Examples include roses, cacti, corn, and deciduous trees.

A plant that lacks a vascular (fluid-transport) structure. Bryophytes are the most primitive of the four principle varieties of plants. Mosses are the most familiar example.

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SS-Bio23 21

Question	Answer
hyphae (singular, hypha)	The slender filaments that make up the bulk of most fungi.
mycelium	A web of fungal hyphae that makes up the major part of a fungus.
sessile	Fixed in location
dikaryotic phase	Phase during a life cycle, common in fungi, in which single cells contain two haploid nuclei.
spore	A reproductive cell that can develop into a new organism without fusing with another reproductive cell. (The term spore also refers to a dormant, stress-resistant form of a bacterial or fungal cell.)
lichen	A composite organism composed of a fungus and either algae or photosynthesizing bacteria.
mycorrhizae	Associations of plant roots and fungal hyphae. The fungal hyphae absorb minerals, growth hormones, and water that are then available to the plant, and the fungus gets carbohydrates from the photosynthesizing plant.
cell wall	A relatively thick layer of material that forms the periphery of plant, bacterial, and fungal cells.
alteration of generations	A life-cycle practiced by plants, in which successive plant generations alternate between the diploid sporophyte condition and the haploid gametophyte condition.
gametophyte generation	The generation in a plant's life cycle that produces gametes (sperm or egg). This generation is microscopic in angiosperms contrast with sporophyte generation.
sporophyte generation	The spore-producing plant generation. This generation is the dominant, visible generation in flowing plants. Contrast with gametophyte generation.
seedless vascular plant	A plant that has a vascular (fluid transport) structure but does not reproduce through use of seeds. One of the four principle varieties of plants. Ferns are the most familiar example.
seed	A reproductive structure in plants that includes a plant embryo, its food supply, and a tough protective casing.
gymnoosperm	A seed plant whose seeds do not develop within fruit. One of the four principle varieties of plants, gymnosperms reproduce through wind-aided pollination. Coniferous trees, such as pine and fir, are the most familiar examples.
angiosperm	A flowering seed plant whose seeds are enclosed within the tissue called fruit. Angiosperms are the most dominant and diverse of the four principle types of plants. Examples include roses, cacti, corn, and deciduous trees.
bryophyte	A plant that lacks a vascular (fluid-transport) structure. Bryophytes are the most primitive of the four principle varieties of plants. Mosses are the most familiar example.

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