A condition that will not occur when an organism possesses a single functional allele for a given trait. Red-green color blindness is an example of a recessive disorder, because only one set of functional alleles need be present for normal color vision.

A person who does not suffer from a recessive genetic debilitation, but who carries an allele for the condition that can be passed along to offspring.

Genetic conditions in which a single faulty allele can cause damage, even when a second, functional allele exists.

A familial history. Pedigrees can be created, generally in the form of diagrams, that trace the history of inheritable diseases through a family.

A process by which one of the more sets of chromosomes are added to the genome of an organism. Human beings cannot survive in polyploidy state, but many plants flourish in it. Polyploidy is a means by which speciation can occur (most often in plants) in

A condition in which an individual organism has either more or fewer chromosomes than is normal for its species, so that the individual has the wrong number of chromosomes in its set. Down Syndrome is the result of aneuploidy – generally three copies of

The failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis, resulting in unequal numbers of chromosomes in the daughter cells. Non-disjunction results in aneuploidy.

A disorder in humans in which affected individuals usually have three copies of chromosome 21 Individuals with this syndrome have short stature, shortened life span, and low IQ.

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SS-Bio23 12

Question	Answer
recessive disorder	A condition that will not occur when an organism possesses a single functional allele for a given trait. Red-green color blindness is an example of a recessive disorder, because only one set of functional alleles need be present for normal color vision.
carrier	A person who does not suffer from a recessive genetic debilitation, but who carries an allele for the condition that can be passed along to offspring.
dominant disorder	Genetic conditions in which a single faulty allele can cause damage, even when a second, functional allele exists.
pedigree	A familial history. Pedigrees can be created, generally in the form of diagrams, that trace the history of inheritable diseases through a family.
polyploidy	A process by which one of the more sets of chromosomes are added to the genome of an organism. Human beings cannot survive in polyploidy state, but many plants flourish in it. Polyploidy is a means by which speciation can occur (most often in plants) in
aneuploidy	A condition in which an individual organism has either more or fewer chromosomes than is normal for its species, so that the individual has the wrong number of chromosomes in its set. Down Syndrome is the result of aneuploidy – generally three copies of
nondisjunction	The failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during meiosis, resulting in unequal numbers of chromosomes in the daughter cells. Non-disjunction results in aneuploidy.
Down Syndrome	A disorder in humans in which affected individuals usually have three copies of chromosome 21 Individuals with this syndrome have short stature, shortened life span, and low IQ.

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