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Bacterial Genetics!

Test 3

QuestionAnswer
Auxotroph a mutant that requires a growth factor
Transposable Elements DNA segments that jump to other locations in the genome or plasmid. Barbara McClintock
Vertical Transfer Mother-Daughter [Binary fission]
Horizontal Transfer Cousin-Cousin [conjugation, transduction, transformation]
Conjugation direct cell to cell; chromosomal transfer and plasmid trasfer
Plasmid Transfer plasmid codes for sex pilus synthesis; pilus is used to connect cells; one strand is shared from one cell to the next; they make complementary strands for each.
Chromosomal Transfer Cavalli-Storza and Hayes discover Hfr. only certain cells can be donors [Hfr cells]; the size of the DNA transferred, varies on how much chromosome the cell wants to give.
Transduction bacteriophages can transfer bacterial DNA from a donor to a recipient. The genes on the chromosome become incorporated into the viruses' genome.
Generalized Transduction any chromosomal marker can be transferred
Specialized Transduction only specific host genes transferred.
Transformation experiment performed by Griffith. uptake of 'naked' DNA from the environment. the strand that enters the cell undergoes HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION. Not all bacteria are naturally competent like E.coli; Use chloride electroporation.
Created by: 100000007429517
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