Save
Upgrade to remove ads
Busy. Please wait.
Log in with Clever
or
show password
Forgot Password?
Don't have an account?  Sign up 
Sign up using Clever
or
Username is available taken
show password


Make sure to remember your password. If you forget it there is no way for StudyStack to send you a reset link. You would need to create a new account. Your email address is only used to allow you to reset your password. See our Privacy Policy and Terms of Service.

Already a StudyStack user? Log In

Reset Password
Enter the associated with your account, and we'll email you a link to reset your password.
focusNode
Didn't know it?
click below
 
Knew it?
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
0:00
edit
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.

  Normal Size     Small Size show me how

Lipid Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
Describe the Structure of a fatty acid Composed of methyl end (CH3) and terminal carboxylic acid group which is hydrophilic. length can be from 4-24 carbons and includes SFA, MFA, PUFA, Cis or Trans fatty acids
List 2 essential fatty acids. why are they essential? Linoleic & alpha linolenic. humans lack the enzymes needed to double bond at the apha 12 and alpha 15 positions. fatty acid chains can be elongated by enzymatic addition of two carbon atoms at the carboxylic acid end of the chain.
What composition of dietary fat do triglycerides comprise? 95% of dietary fat
Structure of a triglyceride trihydroxy alcohol, glycerol, 3 fatty acids attached by ester bonds
Structure of a sterol 4 ring core structure
Role of a sterol essential component of the cell membrane and a precursor for important compounds such as bile acids, sex hormones, vitamin D
Structure of phospholipid contains phosphate and one or more fatty acid residues
Role of phospholipid component of cell membranes (phospholipid bilayer); emulsification of fat.
Structure of lipoprotein made of lipids and proteins. Phospholipids are a single layer around lipoprotein. small amount of cholesterylester and triacylglycerols in the surface layer and a little free cholesterol in the core
Different composition of various lipoproteins chylomicrons contain little protein but high triglycerides and have a low density. -VLDL-LDL-HDL: high protein, low triglycerides. As the density of concentration of protein goes up and triglycerides go down, density increases and size decreases.
Function of apoproteins protein component of lipoprotein. allows lipoprotein to be recognized by certain cells. Stimulates enzymatic reactions.
Function of LDL LDL reacts with LDL receptor, Apo B100 on cells. LDL particles are bound then internalized into cells. Components are degraded by lysosomal enzymes in the cell.
Describe LDL receptor functions LDL receptor Apo B100 on cells interacts with LDL. LDL particles are bound then internalized into cell. particle componeonts are degraded by lysosomal enzymes in the cell.
primary function of HDL Reverse cholesterol transport - remove chol from cell and return it to the liver for excretion in bile.
Name the enzyme that hydrolyses a triglyceride at C1 and C3 to form a monoglyceride during lipolysis Hormone Sensitive Lipase
What happens to glycerol during lypolysis glycerol is transported to the liver and can be converted to dihydroxyacetone phosphate which can produce energy.
Describe the process of mitochondrial transfer of acyl CoA Carnitine acyl transferase 1 transfers FA into the inner membrane space of the mitochondria and CAT2 allows it into the matrix of the mitochondria
What molecule is used to transfer long chain fatty acids into the mitochondria Carnitine
Name the three ketone bodies Acetoacetate, beta hydroxybutyrate, acetone
When do ketone bodies become present in large amounts in the body? High levels occur in accelerated FA oxidation combined with Low CHO intake (ex: diabetics not in control of blood sugar, starvation, low CHO diet)
What is the starting molecule in ketone body synthesis? Acetyl CoA
What is the starting molecule in cholesterol synthesis? Acetyl CoA
enzyme targeted by drug therapy to decrease serum cholesterol. HMG CoA reductase
Two key components of fatty acid sythase system Acyl carrier protein (ACP) and condensing enzyme (CE)
List the 3 categories of eicosanoids Prostaglandins, Thromoxanes, leukotrienes
Describe the process of atherosclerosis as the body's response to injury? how do dietary chol and fatty acids impact this process? Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) attracts monocytes to injured area, monocytes respond, slide under injury to subendothelial space along with LDL.
Created by: courtneynl_xc
Popular Biology sets

 

 



Voices

Use these flashcards to help memorize information. Look at the large card and try to recall what is on the other side. Then click the card to flip it. If you knew the answer, click the green Know box. Otherwise, click the red Don't know box.

When you've placed seven or more cards in the Don't know box, click "retry" to try those cards again.

If you've accidentally put the card in the wrong box, just click on the card to take it out of the box.

You can also use your keyboard to move the cards as follows:

If you are logged in to your account, this website will remember which cards you know and don't know so that they are in the same box the next time you log in.

When you need a break, try one of the other activities listed below the flashcards like Matching, Snowman, or Hungry Bug. Although it may feel like you're playing a game, your brain is still making more connections with the information to help you out.

To see how well you know the information, try the Quiz or Test activity.

Pass complete!
"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:
restart all cards